Preparation of the propolis extracts: the propolis sample of the Brazilian native bee species Melipona quadrifasciata was obtained in May‚ 2013 in the city of Blumenau‚ SC‚ Brazil (26 ° 54’21.3 "S 49 ° 04’49.1 "W). In order to obtain a hydroalcoholic crude extract (HCE)‚ 284.3 grams of propolis were pulverized and macerated in 70% ethanol (m m-1)‚ left in a dark chamber for 7 days at room temperature‚ filtered in vacuum and taken to complete drying in a rotary evaporator with reduced pressure. In
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using various trials of chromatographic columns with different packing materials or varying mobile phase composition or altering the concentration or volume of the load of the crude sample‚ which has to be purified. Till date I have done trials with silica gel columns. I propose in future to perform trials with Alumina‚ Hydrophobic interaction columns and Crystallization studies. I have also plans to cross check the assay purity of the fractions collected from the chromatographic runs. This is a very
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colloidal system consists of two separate phases: a dispersed phase (or internal phase) and a continuous phase (or dispersion medium). A colloidal system may be solid‚ liquid‚ or gaseous. Many familiar substances are colloids‚ as shown in the chart below. As well as these naturally occurring colloids‚ modern chemical process industries utilize high shear mixing technology to create novel colloids. The dispersed-phase particles have a diameter of between approximately 5 and 200 nanometers.[2] Such
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Discussion and Scientific Explanations The reaction was conducted using granular tin and hydrochloric acid. This mixture provided both a source of electrons and protons1. The electrons worked as the reducing agent in this mechanism1. Granular tin was chosen over a single plate of tin due to the fact that it would take much more time and effort to fully dissolve a single plate of tin. A plate of tin would be more bonded to each other and less likely to be reactive. With the addition of the concentrated
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hydroxide bond and has a larger dipole. The principle behind using column chromatography is that it separates compounds based on polarity. The alumina serves to allow for a purer separation than TLC plates because it has a more polar surface than silica gel does. The less polar dye moves first because it is not as soluble in the stationary phase as the more polar dye is. The solvent was switched from methylene chloride
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_____________________ Political and Economic Thoughts on the Fracking Nation _____________________ SMGT 435 Research Paper Lorie LaPorta May 3‚ 2013 Political and Economic Thoughts on the Fracking Nation Introduction Hydraulic fracturing‚ or fracking‚ is a horizontal drilling method that extracts natural gas from Marcellus shale formations thousands of feet below the surface. A high pressure water mixtures is pushed
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IIT (BHU)‚ VARANASI UNITED PHOSPHORUS LIMITED Summer Training Report Submitted by KORRAPATI KRISHNA TEJA 27-Jun-12 A report on the projects undertaken‚ implant training during 14.05.2012 to 28.06.2012. Acknowledgement I take immense pleasure in thanking Mr. Bhupen Dubey‚ Head‚ Integrated Business‚ UPL and beloved Mr. Kabir Sahni‚ Head Of Site‚ UPL-Unit-8‚ Jammu for helping me to carry out my summer intern in UPL Unit-8‚ Jammu. I wish to express my deep sense of gratitude to my
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is Paper chromatography its used to separates dried liquid and with chromatography paper its helps do that. One more example is Thin layer chromatography which is used to separate dried liquid solvent with a glass plate covered and can use either silica gel or alumina for the layer. What i expect to gain from this experiment we will be doing is many things like how will be doing this experiment step by step. Which type of chromatography will we be using in order to get the data and results of
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m2 - Mass of crucible + sample (g) m3 - Mass of crucible + sample after heating (g) Apparatus: - Drying oven‚ 105-110˚C - Balance accurate to 0.001g - Furnace - Silica or porcelain crucible - Desiccators - Gloves - Long tongs Procedures: 1.Prepare a representative sample of about 50g of oven-dried organic soil. 2.Clean‚ dry and weigh the crucible (m1). 3.Place the dried
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Introduction In order to understand what HPLC‚ that is‚ High Performance Chromatography‚ it is necessary to understand the meaning of the term chromatography itself. Chromatography Chromatography is defined as a procedure by which inert materials and drug principles encountered in pharmaceuticals preparations are separated by fractional extraction‚ adsorption‚ or ion exchange on a porous solid. Chromatography is particularly useful as a means of separating and purifying complex and closely
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