THE STRUCTURE OF SILICON DIOXIDE Silicon Dioxide is commonly found in our daily lives- but what exactly is it? Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)‚ or Silica‚ is the most abundant compound of silicon found in the Earth’s crust‚ as well as a widely found oxide. Formed when silicon is exposed to the oxygen in the atmosphere‚ it is a giant covalent molecule with strong electrostatic forces of attraction between the adjacent non-metal oxygen and silicon atoms. Silicon Dioxide occurs in 13 different structural modifications
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Chapter I Introduction Concrete has been used in the construction industry for centuries. A typical concrete is a mixture of fine aggregate (sand)‚ coarse aggregate (rock)‚ cement‚ and water. Nowadays the usage of concrete is increasing from time to time due to the rapid development of construction industry.Today‚ there are many ways to enhance the quality and properties of concrete. One of the technological advances in improving the quality of concrete is Self-Consolidating Concrete. Self-Consolidating
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Most silicon is used commercially without being separated‚ and indeed often with little processing of compounds from nature. These include direct industrial building-use of clays‚ silica sand and stone. Silica is used in ceramic brick. Silicate goes into Portland cement for mortar and stucco‚ and when combined with silica sand and gravel‚ to make concrete. Silicates are also in whiteware ceramics such as porcelain‚ and in traditional quartz-based soda-lime glass. More modern silicon compounds such
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Trichilia roka gum was purified and analyzed and subjected to physicochemical‚ spectroscopic and rheological analysis. Results obtained from physicochemical analysis indicated that the gum is mildly acidic‚ ionic and exhibited properties that are closely related to most useful food and pharmaceutical gums. The gum has rich content of fibre‚ major elemental ions and other useful minerals. GCMS and XRF studies on the gum also revealed that the gum has several industrially useful minerals. The viscosity
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What makes a volcano hazardous? (40 marks) Within this essay‚ I will evaluate the features of volcanoes that define how hazardous they can be. Secondly I will discuss how ‘hazardous’ can be characterized in different forms such as‚ the effect a county physically‚ socially and economically as well as within both spacial and temporal constructs and how the perspective of hazardous can effect the perspective of how hazardous a volcano is. When looking what makes a volcano hazardous we have to
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high pressure. HPLC is historically divided into two different sub-classes based on the polarity of the mobile and stationary phases. Technique in which the stationary phase is more polar than the mobile phase (e.g. toluene as the mobile phase‚ silica as the stationary phase) is called normal phase liquid chromatography (NPLC) and the opposite (e.g. water-methanol mixture as the mobile phase and C18 = octadecylsilyl as
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Friedel-Crafts liquid phase alkylation reaction of aromatic compounds is an industrially important which is known since 1877 and also commonly practiced in organic chemistry for the synthesis of various pharmaceutical compounds [1]. Catalytic benzylation of aromatics with benzyl chloride is one of the commercially significant C-C bond synthetic reaction processes to produce benzylated aromatics such as diphenylmethane and substituted diphenylmethanes. These are key intermediates in the synthesis
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what is horsetail(Equisetum arvense (L)) and it ’s super function? [pic] seminal trace...Horsetail Extract.CAS.NO.071011-23-9.Silica‚Vegetal Silica 7%HPLC.Equisetum arvense extract‚Equiseti herba‚CAS.NO:1343-98-2;7631-86-9.Horsetail Grass Extract‚Equisetum hyemale; Shavegrass. Equisetum arvense‚ extract;Horsetail (equisetium arvense) extract... [pic] [pic] Botanical Basic Data of Horsetail. [pic] Common horsetail‚plant description. [pic] Horsetail origin and class. [pic] Part Used
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as well as vitamins A‚ C‚ and E‚ α-carotene‚ β-carotene‚ β-cryptoxanthin‚ lycopene‚ lutein‚ and carotenoid‚ wasn’t related to the chance of developing SLE (Costenbader KH‚ 2010). Silica was the sole exposure found to be related to lupus in three case management illness. Exposure to particulate silica (crystalline silica or quartz) most ordinarily comes from mining and “dusty trades” like sandblasting‚ granite cutting‚ construction work‚ cement work‚ brick and tile laying (Parks CG‚ 2002). The high
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when placed in a gel-electrophoresis box. Restriction endonucleases are critical tools in recombinant DNA methodology. Electrophoresis is the method of determining the size of fragments that are cut by restriction enzymes. These restriction enzymes always cut at their specific protein recognition sites. This is very useful in the sense that no two restriction enzymes codes for exactly the same recognition site‚ giving it a unique characteristic that is specific for a strand of DNA. Gel electrophoresis
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