According to Aristotle‚ in order to pursue virtue we must learn to both feel and act correctly. Being a virtuous person entails being affected by pleasure and pain. In book II of “Nicomachean Ethics”‚ Aristotle begins by explaining how virtuous actions are acquired by habit. He writes‚ “Rather‚ we are by nature able to acquire them‚ and we are completed through habit” (Aristotle 18). Essentially‚ Aristotle is saying that we acquire habits as we acquire skills. Virtues are acquired through habituation and
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Utilitarianism and Business Ethics Utilitarianism is a normative‚ consequentialist‚ empirical philosophy which links the idea of a good action to one which promotes maximum pleasure or happiness‚ found by adding up costs and benefits (or pains and pleasures). It has two classic formulations - Bentham’s hedonistic (pleasure-based) act utilitarianism and Mill’s eudaimonistic (happiness-based) rule utilitarianism. In this article we make some preliminary comments on Bentham and Mill before analysing
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Applying Virtue Ethics in the Real World MGT407 M1:A1 03 – MAR – 2012 Read the Ethical Dilemma on page 106 of the Nelson & Quick text. Answer the following questions. 1. Summarize the dilemma. 2. Using consequential‚ rule-based‚ and character theories‚ evaluate Juanita ’s options 3. What should Juanita do? Why? ------------------------------------------ Whenever a young child is faced with a dilemma or reaches and ethical crossroads so often a parent
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Utilitarianism and the Ford Pinto Case The goal of utilitarianism is to seek out pleasure and base your decision making on creating the greatest possible happiness for the greatest number of people. Utilitarianism is only concerned with producing a desirable result‚ regardless of whether the action taken to arrive at the desired result was good or bad. In business‚ all sorts of factors are involved in creating products ranging from where to purchase raw materials‚ where to build a factory
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and all virtue we choose partly for themselves—for we would choose each of them even if no further advantage would accrue from them—but we also choose them partly for the sake of happiness‚ because we assume that it is through them that we will be happy. On the other hand‚ no one chooses happiness for the sake of honor‚ pleasure‚ and the like‚ nor as a means to anything at all” (Aristotle; Nicomachean Ethics‚ p.51). 2.) Aristotle explains how happiness can be considered the final virtue sought after
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Utilitarianism Utilitarianism the ethical doctrine of the greatest happiness of the greatest number should be the criterion of the virtue of action. The principle that utilitarianism use in making moral decisions is a form of moral hedonism; that people should seek pleasure and avoid pain. Utilitarianism seeks to produce the greatest good for the greatest number. But‚ the problem is in determining what the greatest good is. Utilitarian define the “good” as good is what equates pleasure and reduces
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Utilitarianism states “that an action is morally right if and only if it produces at least as much good (utility) for all people affected by the action as any alternative action the person could do instead.” (Audi 942) One of the branches of utilitarianism is act-utilitarianism‚ and it is also considered by philosophers to be the “traditional utilitarianism.” (Schick 349) The purpose of act-utilitarianism is to follow the action that will maximize happiness for a given populace. Act-utilitarianism
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key idea of deontology‚ which is that human beings are the control source of moral value. The value theory of deontology is people because
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Utilitarianism‚ by John Stuart Mill‚ is an essay written to provide support for the value of utilitarianism as a moral theory‚ and to respond to misconceptions about it. Mill defines utilitarianism as a theory based on the principle that "actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness‚ wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness." Mill defines happiness as pleasure and the absence of pain. He argues that pleasure can differ in quality and quantity‚ and that pleasures
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Is Areteology a better way of approaching ethics than Deontology or Teleology? Areteology being the study of virtues and the word arête meaning excellence‚ Areteology can better be defined as the study of excellent human virtues (a divine study). It looks at the ultimate purpose of human life and what might result in practical excellence. It would aim to show people what an excellent human life is and teach people how to live by the excellent human virtues. In Areteology‚ the question normally asked
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