Steam Distillation Purpose: To use steam distillation to purify heat sensitive‚ natural products‚ like essential oils. Procedure Please refer to: Williamson‚ Macroscale &Microscale Organic Experiments 4th Ed.‚ pgs.98-109 Results Table 1.1: Steam distillation Drop # (every third drop) Temperature (ºC) Addition of 0.5 mL water 1 100.3 Water added 2 100.5 3 100.5 Water added 4 100.6 Water added 5 100.6 6 100.6 Water added 7 100.6 8 100.6 Water added 9 100.3 10 100.6
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Steam Turbines Table of Contents Introduction 3 Components 4 Principle of Operation 6 Over-Speed Trip Mechanism 6 Introduction The Steam Turbine is a device that converts thermal energy to mechanical energy in order to produce work‚ which is then used to drive a load. The steam turbine is design based on the Rankin Vapor Cycle shown in Figure 1 Figure 1: Rankin Cycle Diagram The Rankin Vapor Cycle work in four main processes which are: Compression – Heating – Expansion – Cooling Process 1-2:
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This is a Newspaper on Steam engines. The Watt steam engine (alternatively known as the Boulton and Watt steam engine) was the first type of steam engine to make use of steam the new design replaced Newcomen engines in areas where coal was expensive‚ and then went on to be used in the place of most natural power sources such as wind and water. A Scottish instrument maker‚ James Watt‚ was given the job in 1763 of repairing a model Newcomen engine for the University of Glasgow‚ and noted how inefficient
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5) Results | 9-11 | 6) Discussion | 12 | 7) Conclusion | 13-14 | 8) References | 15 | ABSTRACT This experiment is about steam distillation by using Dalton’s Law. The objectives of this experiment are to demonstrate a separation of a mixture by using steam distillation and next to prove that Dalton’ Law and ideal gas law are applicable in steam distillation. Dalton’s Law; While Ideal Gas Law; This experiment is conducted by placing 2mL of Turpentine and 15mL of water
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STEAM TURBINES A steam turbine is a prime mover which converts heat energy into mechanical energy. In a conventional steam turbines cycle‚ water is used as the working fluid. The water is heated in a boiler by burning fuel. It evaporates into steam which is expanded in a turbine where mechanical power is generated. The steam generated is of high temperature and high pressure. The temperature is often in the 450 to 540 degrees centigrade range. The pressure ranges between 60 and 120 bar. The
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Unit-2 Subject : Applied Thermodynamics : Question bank Steam Nozzle-(Theory) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 What is steam nozzle? Why it is convergent divergent? What assumptions are adopted in analyzing flow through nozzle? Explain the significance of critical pressure ratio. What is the steady flow energy equation of nozzle? Explain its use in calculating the steam velocity at exit? Why the divergent portion of nozzle is necessary? Define nozzle efficiency. What is the effect of friction in nozzle Explain
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Steam Engine Pre invention: Pre invention: Before the arrival of the steam engine‚ life in the industrial revolution was very dissimilar. Control typically came after one of three foundations: wind‚ Animals power‚ or water. Both of these control causes had their welfares and disadvantages. Wind. Wind power is free‚ and binding it fixes not include multifaceted equipment‚ actually nonentity extra than a navigate‚ or in the circumstance of a windmill‚ a actual great propeller. The distress through
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Principle of steam jet refrigeration system: - The boiling point of a liquid changes with change in external pressure. In normal conditions‚ pressure exerted on the surface of a liquid is the atmospheric pressure. If this atmospheric pressure is reduced on the surface of a liquid‚ by some means‚ then the liquid will start boiling at lower temperature‚ because of reduced pressure. This basic principal of boiling of liquid at lower temperature by reducing the pressure on its surface is used in steam jet refrigeration
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show that the loss suffered by the claimant was reasonably foreseeable. In the case of Hedly Byrne and Co vs Hedler and Partners Ltd‚ where there was a special relationship between parties‚ there could be a duty of care for financial loss caused by a negligent misstatement. However‚ there was a valid disclaimer as the advice given by Heller was headed without responsibility and the defendant was not liable. In this case‚ Aiman & Co were not liable since there is no special relationship between parties
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Steam Engines A steam engine is a heat engine that performs mechanical work using steam as its working fluid. Using boiling water to produce motion goes back about 2000 years‚ but early devices were not practical. Since the late 1700’s steam engines have become a major source of mechanical power. The first steam-powered devices were used to pump water out of mines. In 1781‚ James Watt patented a steam engine that produced continuous rotative motion. These engines enabled a wide range of
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