AP Reading Guide Fred and Theresa Holtzclaw Chapter 7: Membrane Structure and Function Name_______________________Period___________ Chapter 7: Membrane Structure and Function Concept 7.1 Cellular membranes are fluid mosaics of lipids and proteins 1. The large molecules of all living things fall into just four main classes. Name them. 2. Explain what is meant when we say a molecule is amphipathic. 3. In the 1960s‚ the Davson-Danielli model of membrane structure was widely
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Diffusion and Osmosis Diffusion The exchange of substances between cells and the environment occur in ways that require metabolic energy (active transport) and in ways that do not (passive transport-Energy from natural‚ inbuilt motion of particles). Diffusion is an example of passive transport. Diffusion is the net movement of molecules or ions from a region where they are more highly concentrated to one where their concentration is lower. Figure 1 Figure 2 Diffusion is only
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concentration‚ particles do not like to do this) C) Your body using enzymes to control rates of synthesis‚ refer to A and B for how. D) Same answer as B. E) ATP is used to burn glucose into 2 pyruvic acids. 3.) Osmosis- is diffusion but with water. Diffusion is the movement of
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Word | Definition | Clue | Cell Theory | A theory that states that all organisms are made of cells‚ all cells are produced by other living things‚ and the cell is the most basic unit of life. | | Cytoplasm | A jellylike substance that contains dissolved molecular building blocks- such as proteins‚ nucleic acids‚ minerals‚ and ions. | | Organelles | Structures that are specialized to perform distinct processes within a cell. | | Prokaryotic Cells | Cells that do not have a nucleus or other
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are diffusion‚ osmosis‚ and facilitated diffusion. Diffusion is the tendency for molecules of any substance to spread out into the available space. The plasma membrane is semi permeable so diffusion across the plasma membrane may only occur with a few substances such as oxygen‚ carbon dioxide‚ and alcohol. Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane. When osmosis occurs in the plasma membrane the molecules will move from hypotonic to hypertonic. Facilitated Diffusion
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ion is a charged particile‚ which prevents it from crossing the hydrophobic region 3. What properties of glucose prevent it from easily crossing a membrane? A glucose molecule is both large and polar‚ and rarely crosses a membrane by simple diffusion. 4. A benzene molecule is completely nonpolar and a little smaller than glucose molecule. Would it cross a membrane faster‚ or slower‚ than glucose? Why? Faster; a benzene molecule is nonpolar‚ so it is not held back by attraction to water the
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Describe the components of a solution. Contrast the processes of passive and active transport‚ including diffusion‚ osmosis‚ facilitated diffusion‚ active transport and bulk transport. How might temperature play a role in these processes? Which molecules will move across the membrane freely? Which may need to utilize facilitated diffusion? Be able to solve problems involving osmosis and diffusion: for example‚ predict whether cells will swell or shrink under various osmotic conditions (iso- vs.
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edition” Elaine N. Marieb; Katja Hoehn Methods: 1. Read entire file twice 2. Read each set of directions 3. Complete each activity Data/Analysis: Activity 1: Review Sheet Results 1. Describe two variables that affect the rate of diffusion. Your answer: Increasing the number of membrane carriers and the concentration. 2. Why do you think the urea was not able to diffuse through the 20 MWCO membrane? How well did the results compare with your prediction? Your answer: Because Urea was
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Exercise 1: Cell Transport Mechanisms and Permeability: Activity 3: Simulating Osmotic Pressure Lab Report Pre-lab Quiz Results You scored 75% by answering 3 out of 4 questions correctly. 1. Which of the following is true of osmosis? You correctly answered: c. It is a type of diffusion. 2. Which of the following occurs when a hypertonic solution is added to cells? You correctly answered: d. The cells shrink. 3. The variable that affects osmotic pressure is You correctly answered: a. the concentration
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both the phospholipid layers points into the centre of the membrane‚ protected from the water. The phospholipid bilayer has important roles in the plasma membrane‚ such as allowing lipid-soluble substances to enter and leave the cell via diffusion and to stop water soluble substances from entering and leaving the cell. This is also what makes the membrane flexible. Another component of the plasma membrane are proteins. There are two types; extrinsic and intrinsic. Extrinsic proteins occur
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