and skeletal. The organs that are in these systems are skeletal muscles‚ bones (joints‚ tendons‚ and ligaments). By dividing the two systems into different sections‚ it will make it easier for you‚ the reader‚ to understand and make sense of the information. The muscular system functions are to provide movement‚ protects organs‚ and production of heat. There are many muscles that do different functions. Before I go into all of the muscular functions‚ I will give an overview of all the muscle structure
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Before the motor neuron cone arrives the muscle fiber‚ AChR clusters are formed in the middle section of a muscle fiber. When the growing nerve cone attaches the muscle fiber‚ Agrin activates Lrp4‚ which then binds to the receptor tyrosine kinase MuSK‚ through this binding MuSK is phosphorylated and starts to form the neural and aneural AChR clustering (Burden 2011). Morphologic differences in the pre- and/or postsynaptic part of the NMJ can be a hint of a certain disease. In the following figure
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CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGIC RESPONSES AND LONG-TERM ADAPTATIONS TO EXERCISE Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Physiologic Responses to Episodes of Exercise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cardiovascular Responses to Exercise . . . . .
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thermogenesis- release of hormones that increase metabolic activity of all tissues‚ stimulation of adrenal medullae‚ epinephrine released‚ increased glycogenolysis in liver * shivering thermogenesis- gradual increase of muscle tone increases energy consumption of skeletal muscle tissue‚ agonists and antagonists involved‚ shivering elevates body temperature Conservation of Body Heat * the vasometer center decreases blood flow to the dermis reducing losses by radiation and convection‚ the skin
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Activity: Anatomy Overviews Title: Muscular System Overview 1. Click the Skeletal Muscle Cross Section and identify each of the following. Consult your textbook for a description of each. Epimysium: Outermost layer of dense‚ irregular tissue‚ surrounding the entire muscle. Deep Fascia: Layer of fibrous connective tissue that surrounds an individual muscle. Muscle Cell: Muscle fibers that are elongated‚ striated‚ and multinucleated. Perimysium: Dense irregular tissue that
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(shoulder) 8.8 (a) Compare and Contrast rheumatoid arthritis to osteoarthritis. Include causes and physiology. Both Inflammation of joints Damage to articular cartilage Different: Rheumatoid General term that indicates pain & stiffness affecting muscles‚ bones‚ tendons‚ & joints Osteoarthritis Generally effects age 60 and older Cumulative effects of wear and tear at the joint surface‚ or from genetic factors affecting collagen filaments. 9.2 (b) Describe the structural components of a sarcomere
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steroid abuse. In their experiment‚ Anttila et al. (2008) tested if testosterone can regulate the aerobic capacity of skeletal muscles by injecting mice with certain amounts of testosterone and then studying the levels of myoglobin‚ a protein that plays a role in supplying oxygen to mitochondria during exercise. They demonstrated that the myoglobin concentration in skeletal muscles is directly related to testosterone. Therefore‚ an increase in testosterone will allow for more muscular potential. In
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(Rousseau‚ 1993). The number of insulin receptors expressed in skeletal muscles increases in proportion to physical activity (Rousseau‚ 1993). When a person leads an active lifestyle and exercising regularly‚ expression of insulin receptors remains high. When active people eat a meal rich in carbohydrates‚ their blood glucose levels rise‚ triggering insulin release. Insulin binds to the abundant receptors within the skeletal muscles‚ promoting rapid glucose uptake‚ returning the blood glucose level
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complement each other and more and more are being used in conjunction with the other. Because muscles are attached to joints and bones‚ it is important for them to be relaxed and stretched in order to prepare the skeletal system for proper alignment and to promote skeletal health. Chiropractic alignment can help to ensure that nerves are functioning correctly and the circulatory system is flowing correctly.
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Name: ___________________________________ Period: _____ Date: ___________ Case Study: Skeletal System Chief Complaint: 72-year-old woman who fell on her right hip. History: Margaret Donovan‚ a 72-year-old white female‚ was brought to the emergency room by her son-in-law after falling in her bathtub. She was previously in good health‚ despite leading a relatively sedentary lifestyle and having a 30-year history of cigarette smoking. The only medication she currently takes is Inderal (propranolol)
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