Elimination Reactions ________________________________________ As described previously‚ primary alkyl halides generally undergo substitution reactions with simple nucleophiles by an SN2 mechanism. Secondary alkyl halides‚ often react with simple basic nucleophiles to give a mixture of products arising from both substitution and elimination. As with substitution reactions‚ the rate at which elimination reactions proceed can be proportional to both the concentration of the base and the concentration
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PUTTING IT TOGETHER: Classifying Chemical Reactions Purpose: To observe and differentiate between the four different types of chemical reactions. Variables: The independent variables are the sodium chloride‚ sodium carbonate‚ magnesium‚copper‚ copper (11) sulfate‚ silver nitrate‚ oxygen‚ lead(11) nitrate‚ sodium carbonate‚ copper (11) sulfate pentahydrate. The dependent variables are the chemical reactions that are being looked for. For example decomposition‚ synthesis‚ single displacement or double
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2013 “Reaction Classes and Pericyclic Reactions” ● 4 Lectures ● Recommended Texts: (i) J. March “Advanced Organic Chemistry”‚ p 839‚ `---Edn.‚ Oxford (W); Warren (2) Ch 34‚ 35. Syllabus 1) General principles (a) Reaction classes (i) Heterolytic (ii) Homolytic (iii) Pericyclic (b) Pericyclic Reaction Types 2) Electrocyclic Reactions (a) Definition and examples (b) Stereochemical aspects and the Woodward and Hoffmann rules 3) Cycloaddition Reactions (a) Definition
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Bo Shen Title: Nucleophillic Substitution Reaction Introduction: This lab experimented on the reactions of the chemicals that undergoes SN1 or SN2 reaction. Nine different compounds were given to be examined with two reagents - NaI in acetone and AgNO3 in ethanol. The SN1 reaction happens in AgNO3 in ethanol reagents‚ and SN2 reaction is in NaI in acetone. Procedure: Following the lab manual. Results: compound NaI /acetone (SN2) AgNO3/ethanol (SN1) Bromobenzene NR NR Bromocyclopentane
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Kinetics Kinetics 6.1 Rates of reaction 6.2 Collision theory 6 16.1 Rate Expression (AHL) 16.2 Reaction mechanism (AHL) 16.3 Activation energy (AHL) 6.1 Rates of reaction 6.1.1 Define the term rate of reaction. 6.1.2 Describe suitable experimental procedures for measuring rates of reactions. 6.1.3 Analyse data from rate experiments. © IBO 2007 Figure 601 An explosion is a quick reaction D ifferent chemical reactions occur at different rates (i.e. speeds)
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RATE OF REACTIONS. The reaction rate (rate of reaction) or speed of reaction for a reactant or product in a particular reaction is intuitively defined as how fast or slow a reaction takes place. For example‚ the oxidative rusting of iron under the atmosphere is a slow reaction that can take many years‚ but the combustion of cellulose in a fire is a reaction that takes place in fractions of a second (right). Chemical kinetics is the part of physical chemistry that studies reaction rates. The concepts
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Abstract This experiment is to study the effect of temperature on the rate of reaction between potassium permanganate with oxalic acid. We used 2cm3 of 0.02M potassium permanganate and 4cm3 of 1M sulphuric acid into a test tube. In another test tube‚ we placed 2cm3 of oxalic acid. We placed the test tubes in a water bath at 40‚ 45‚ 50‚ 55 and 60oC respectively. When the solutions have attained these temperatures pour the oxalic acid into the acidified permanganate solution and recorded the time
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Lab #4: Aqueous Reactions Introduction: In this experiment we studied the two different types of aqueous chemical reactions‚ double replacement and single replacement. In a double replacement reaction one or both of the products is an insoluble ionic compound or otherwise known as a precipitate; or a non-electrolyte; or a gas. In a single replacement reaction there is typically a metal and an ionic compound consisting of a metal cation and a non-meatl anion. Singel replacement ractions occur when
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rate of reaction (mol dm-3 s-1) for the following chemical reaction: CaCO3(s) + HCl(aq) CaCl2(s) + H2O(l) + CO2(g) Research question: How does altering concentration (mol dm-3) of hydrochloric acid (HCl) affect the rate of reaction (g/s) for the following reaction: CaCO3(s) + HCl(aq) CaCl2(s) + H2O(l) + CO2(g) Background information: The reaction between calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid is an example of a neutralization reaction between an acid and a base. Neutralization reactions involve
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Abstract “Reaction Time” is the interval of time between the application of a stimulus and the detection of a response and has been thought to differ based upon the effects of modality and warning signals. In the “Reaction Time” experiment a total of 24 students from the University of Cincinnati participated in an experiment consisting of two sensory modalities‚ audition and vision‚ which were combined with two levels of warning signal status. The two levels of warning signal status were signal
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