BONDS Bonds pay fixed coupon (interest) payments at fixed intervals (usually every six months) and pay the par value at maturity. Par value = $1‚000 Coupon = 6.5% or par value per year‚ or $65 per year ($32.50 every six months). Maturity = 28 years (matures in 2032). Issued by AT&T. Types of Bonds Debentures - unsecured bonds. Subordinated debentures - unsecured “junior” debt. Mortgage bonds - secured bonds. Zeros - bonds that pay only par value at maturity; no coupons. Junk bonds - speculative or
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Social Exchange Theory 2 Application of: The Social Exchange Theory In everyday interactions people are always looking to have a positive experience among those with whom they interact. According to the Social Exchange theory‚ with each interaction an individual has with another‚ that individual attempts to maximize the positive outcomes and minimize the negative. The purpose of this paper is to apply the Social Exchange theory to an authentic real life situation to best illustrate the
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Social Identity Theory- Henri Tajfel: Father of the theory‚ French‚ jewish was part of the holocaust. Social identity theory seen as a way to explain the holocaust and how one group could turn on another Tajfel : “social identity will be understood as that part of the individuals’ self-concept which derives from their knowledge of their membership of a social group (groups) together with the value and emotional significance attached to that membership. not concerned with individual identity
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Social Contract Theory AJS/532 June 16‚ 2014 Christina Payne Social Contract Theory This essay will give an evaluation on the social contract theory of John Locke and how these values identify with the consistency of the criminal justice system and private settings. This essay will discuss whether or not the values and principles will apply to both venues. This essay will also include a summary of the major differences of the social contract theories. This essay will provide a discussion
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Factors Underlying Their Gang Involvement: A Comparative Study in Three Chinese Metropolitan Cities* Ngan-pun Ngai‚ Ph.D.‚ Chau-kiu Cheung‚ Ph.D. ABSTRACT Marginal youth tend to form stronger subcultural values when they engage more frequently in gang activity‚ which also make a difference in their delinquent involvement. The subculture would in turn bolster their subsequent gang participation. Different subcultural values appear to arise differently from gang involvement in Hong Kong
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THE SOCIAL CONTRACT THEORY The theory is as old as philosophy itself. It is of the view that persons’ moral and/ or political obligations are dependent upon a contract or agreement among them to form the society in which they live. The theory of a social contract is therefore a hypothesis explaining how society originates as well as the presumed relationships between its members‚ how they incur responsibilities and their rights. Early proponents of the social contract theory include; - Socrates
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A chemical bond is an attraction between atoms that allows the formation of chemical substances that contain two or more atoms. The bond is caused by the electromagnetic force attraction between opposite charges‚ either between electrons and nuclei‚ or as the result of a dipole attraction. The strength of chemical bonds varies considerably; there are "strong bonds" such as covalent or ionic bonds and "weak bonds" such as dipole-dipole interactions‚ the London dispersion force and hydrogen bonding
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A gang is “an association of three or more individuals‚ whose purpose in part is to engage in criminal activity and which uses violence or intimidation to further its criminal objectives” (National Institute of Justice). Gangs are organized as structured social groups‚ being more complex than they might first seem. When criminals come together as a group‚ trouble is bound to occur‚ and these gangs become a powerful force that must be combated. Gangs are well known‚ but how do gangs operate? Why do
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I’ve never resided nor visited California. Therefore‚ I wouldn’t understand the high crime rate nor the gang activities that exist. I’ve only seen movies that reflect different gang images. Movies such as Colors‚ Fresh‚ Boyz N Tha Hood‚ Menace II Society‚ and Original Gangstaz explain the life of crips‚ bloods‚ and other gangs. When children view these movies‚ they think they are cool. Their minds are too young and immature to witness such graphic images. These images include distribution of drugs
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Teen Gangs Gang and group violence‚ while not a new phenomenon in Canada‚ is becoming much harder to dismiss as just boys being boys. Not only are girls seemingly becoming more involved in gang violence‚ but the violence of both sexes seems to be becoming more random‚ more vicious‚ more extreme. While many academics will dispute that violence among youth is increasing‚ few will dispute the fact that gang membership greatly increases the prevalence and frequency of serious and violent crime among
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