References: Bowles‚ H. R. & McGinn‚ K. L. (2008) Gender in Job Negotiations: A Two-Level Game. Working Knowledge‚ Harvard Business School. Retrieved September 3‚ 2010 from: http://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/5935.html Emerson‚ R. (1976). Social Exchange Theory. Annual Review of Sociology‚ Vol. 2‚ pp. 335-362. Retrieved September 19‚ 2010 from: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2946096 Porter‚ M. E.‚ Lorsch‚ J. W. & Nohria‚ N. (2008). The Seven Things That Surprise New CEO’s. Working Knowledge‚ Harvard
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Culture‚ Power & Politics As far back as history can be told mankind has struggled between balancing culture‚ power and politics. Many wars have been fought and many people have placed their lives on the line in order to stand up for what they believe in. The combinations of culture‚ power and politics have spilled over into the workplace. In today’s business environment individuals have much more to worry about than just completing their assigned tasks. Organizational culture‚ power and office
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Outline and evaluate research (theories and/or studies) relating to the breakdown of relationships Duck proposed that there were four phases in the dissolution of a relationship. The intra psychic phase involves a partner growing increasingly dissatisfied with the relationship‚ which either may not be outwardly expressed‚ or there may be a determination to resolve the issue. The dyadic phase is where the dissatisfaction is expressed in the open‚ characterised by argument. Maintenance and repair
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the social exchange theory. Work is exchanged for rewards in order to maintain the status quo and implement company policy and procedures. This leadership is essentially based on economics. The leader and followers both benefit socially and economically by exchanging performance for rewards. This exchange continues until one of the parties views the exchange as nonbeneficial to them. An example of this would be monetary incentives to pick up extra shifts when staff challenged. This exchange meets
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Quality Refers to relationship closeness or strength and its one of the key determinant of customer loyalty (T. Hennig-Thurau‚ et.al‚ 2000). Furthermore‚ consumers overall assessment of the strength of their relationship with a particular brands social network (Foulnier‚ 1998). In the on-line context‚ based on the reasoning that human are motivate to form attachment to objects as well as to people (Li et al‚ 2006)‚ assert that consumers develop a relationship with the website of an e-vendor. B-
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campaigns to employee turnover. In the articles that I have analyzed‚ I discovered many examples of crisis communications and its importance. I will discuss the Bridgestone-Firestone Corporation’s image restoration campaign and explain Benoit’s theory of image restoration. Also‚ I will discuss how crisis communications fits into public relations models. Two examples for discussion will be how supervisors should convey bad-news to their employees‚ and group communication within employee turnover
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sometimes the child’s cries for help are suppressed by the person they disclosed to. If a child’s disclosure of abuse is suppressed by an adult they trust‚ it can be more damaging than even the abuse itself. The theory that can be most applicable to child sexual abuse would be social exchange theory‚ which states that relationships between individuals are influenced by how different people interact and negotiate with one another. In a sexually abusive relationship
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If a person was walking and fell scattering a handful of paper‚ then more bystanders should help pick up papers if they saw another person helping out‚ in comparison to no one assisting them‚ because of the social exchange and conformity theory. The social exchange theory is also known cost-benefit analysis or as utilitarianism‚ where people debate on whether or not their act of kindness is a costly or a gain for them in the end. Conformity can be defined when a person changes their behavior in order
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relationships. This is a component of the social exchange theory that suggests humans are rational beings who evaluate each of their relationship’s worth based on an analysis of benefits and disadvantages. In the bigger picture‚ the theory of a cost-reward system involves basic human attraction‚ or what makes particular people more appealing to one another‚ and can provide context for why we like them and how relationships are formed‚ as summarized in The Social Animal by Elliot Aronson in Chapter 8
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References: 1: Peterson Institution for International Economics. Labor and environmental issues in Indonesia. www.PetersonInstitute.org 2: George Casper Homans‚ Social Behavior as Exchange‚ 1958.
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