Case: Procter & Gamble: Organization 2005 1.Why did the US organizational structure shift from product grouping in the 1950s to a matrix in the 1980s? Why did the European organizational structure shift from geographic grouping in the 1950s to category management in the 1980s? Why were the two structures integrated into a global cube in the 1990s? As mentioned in the article‚ the US market is a large homogenous one‚ which is characterized by buyers with similar needs and wants
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Clearly define the term control in the context of an organization. Give examples and lucid explanation of the various types of control that can be used by a Manager. Why is the control function so very important to the effectiveness and efficiency of an organization? According to Robbins & Coulter‚ “control refers to the process of monitoring‚ comparing and correcting work performances.” The control process is a three step process of measuring actual performance‚ comparing actual performance
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Organizational design and structure Contents 1. Centralized organizational structure 2. Flat Structure 3. Formal Structure 4. Structure of the organization 5. Span of control 6. Chain of command 7. Appendix 1 1. Centralized organizational structure The hierarchy of Cathay Pacific Services Ltd is in three levels. Corporate- Chief Executive Officer‚ Executive Secretary‚ Manager- Commercial‚ Cargo Terminal Programme Manager Divisional- Finance &Administration Manager‚ Head of IT & Engineering
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Toyota Motor Corporation (TYO: 7203) has often been referred to as the gold standard of the automotive industry. In the first quarter of 2007‚ Toyota (NYSE: TM) overtook General Motors Corporation in sales for the first time as the top automotive manufacturer in the world. Toyota reached success in part because of its exceptional reputation for quality and customer care. Despite the global recession and the tough economic times that American auto companies such as General Motors and Chrysler faced
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Environmental Factors The Coca-Cola Company was established in 1886 in the United States. Today‚ the Coca-Cola Company’s products are available in over 200 different countries. Each country contains its own demographics and other factors that influence the marketing planning and promotions for the Coca-Cola product lines. These factors vary by location and can include culture‚ customs‚ and even legal matters. The Coca-Cola Company has been able to successfully examine these factors and create marketing
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According to (Beevers and Rea 2010) ‘the primary purpose of the learning and development function in fulfilling the short and long term ambitions of the organisation’ cannot be over emphasized especially in recent times where HR/L&D has moved from the past when one of HR/L&D primary roles has been to ensure compliance with laws‚ rules and regulations. Although this is still the case and will always be‚ we have however become strategic partners working with line managers to achieve business strategy
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Co-organisation is an event management & production agency founded by Ng Kim Hwee‚ in Singapore in the year 1994. The agency is a small firm that is filled with workers who are “inspired and passionate about events management”. They are people whose minds are filled with creative juices and are willing to take up challenges when creating different events for different clients. Founded and stationed in Singapore for 21 years‚ they are rich in experience in planning all sorts of events such as different
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Environmental Factors Amy S. Rivera MKT 421/Marketing Mr. Jim Severnak October 19‚ 2008 Introduction This paper will discuss Coca-Cola’s organization as this company conducts both domestic and global marketing. The high-level domestic and global environmental factors that will impact the organization’s marketing decision will be discussed‚ as well as how technology impacts the organization’s marketing decisions. The author will also analyze the importance of social responsibility and
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we formed a joint venture with Virgin Group Ltd. The management of the JV constructed very sound standard operating procedures to attain well-disciplined working force. The organization we restructured to be better. HR department looks after the social needs of the employees and conducted necessary trainings in order to improve not only the skills but also to gain product knowledge. Productivity of each employee and section are being closely monitored to meet set KPIs. Coffee is the important goods
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How an organisation communicates – Greenpeace Greenpeace is an ecological and pacifist international organisation‚ economically and politically independent‚ that does not accept donations or pressure from governments‚ corporations or political parties. Greenpeace “defend(s) the natural world and promote(s) peace” (Greenpeace‚ 2008). The funding for its campaigns depends entirely on voluntary contributions from members and sympathizers. Because Greenpeace is an NGO‚ it cannot invest large amounts
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