_THE ROUTLEDGE LANGUAGE AND CULTURAL THEORY READER_ ‚ Routledge‚ 2000 Fallon‚ Steve‚ _PARIS (CITY GUIDE)_ Lonely Planet‚ 2008 Hickey‚ Tina‚ and Williams‚ Jenny‚ _LANGUAGE‚ EDUCATION & SOCIETY_ ‚ WBC Book Manufacturers Ltd‚ 1996 Stockwell‚ Peter‚ Sociolinguistics; _A RESOURCE BOOK FOR STUDENTS‚ SECOND EDITION_ ‚ Routledge‚ 2007 http://www.gaeltachttravel.com/gaeltacht-regions/statistics-on-the-gaeltacht-and-the-irish-language/ http://www.babynology.com � Anderson‚ Benedict‚ Imagined Communities‚ Verso
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Lecture 1 Introduction: Translation and Translation Studies Translation and Translation Studies (Definition and a brief history of the discipline) Hermes the god of thieves and liars is also the god of translation. But he has so many other tasks as the god of roads‚ commerce‚ travel (these can be connected to translation) as well as arts‚ magic and crafts not talking about matrimonial matchmaking… A translator has‚ at least‚ as many tasks and roles when translating that I hope
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Abstract: The following paper introduces us to the terms of global languages and globalization; it also shows us how global languages spread and why they are needed. Key words: lingua franca‚ globalization‚ language Language and Globalization Since this paper is going to focus on the problem of language globalization I feel we should be properly introduced first to the term of lingua franca or otherwise known as a global language. The term lingua franca (plural lingue franche or lingua
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Language‚ Gender and Bias in American Culture Through language‚ bias has proliferated in our culture against both women and men. Language expresses aspects of culture both explicitly and implicitly. Gender expectations‚ behaviors‚ and cultural norms‚ are determined through language. A divide between the sexes has developed which includes language usages‚ intention‚ and understandings. This has created obstructions to communication between the genders. When anthropological linguists look at
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Theories of Translation 1.Introduction Translation‚ oral or written‚ is probably as old as the spoken or written word. Throughout the ages‚ famous writers have tried their hand at ``the art of translating``. Translation is usually defined as the communication of the meaning of a source-language text by the means of an equivalent target-language text. It can be also described as an expression of a sense from one language to another as well as transmission of a written or spoken language
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1 ATTITUDES TOWARDS PAKISTANI ENGLISH VARIETY 2 CHAPTER 1 1.1 ABSTRACT Pakistani English (PE) is the cluster of several English language varieties ‚ that are spoken and written in Pakistan. It is different from British English (BE) in terms of syntax‚ vocabulary ‚ accent and lexis. The pronounciation features are typical of speakers of regional languages ‚ for example the Punjabi speakers have difficulty with sound clusters like “ sp or sk’’ ( McArthur 1998 ). The present
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Cross Cultural Communication A country that was annexed by another country is sure to have exchanged or been impacted culturally and in many other aspects. An excellent example of this could be the British India. India was ruled over by Britishers for almost 350 years. Therefore‚ many traits and systems in India today are derived from the time they were under the British rule. One of the most vivid illustrations of this is the schooling system and English as a medium language for teaching and
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Phonology is a fundamental principle for language in every individual’s life. We are exposed to this principle before and after birth and throughout our lives. Phonology is fundamental to all spoken languages‚ each language having its own system. Regardless of the types of language spoken to a child‚ children have difficulties producing meaningful speech because they haven’t grown into their oral structure‚ in other words‚ their teeth. Children are developing the ability to produce speech sounds
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Wahlgren‚ Yens. Klingon as Linguistic Capital A Sociologic Study of Nineteen Advanced Klingonists. MS thesis. Sociology‚ 2004. Web. <http://www.angelfire.com/trek/yensw/PDF/thesis.pdf>. 6. Hendriks-Hermans‚ Judith. "Klingon and its Users a sociolinguistic profile." MA thesis. Faculty of Arts‚ 1999. Web. <http://www.judion.de/klingon/>. 7. Grune‚ Dick. "Is Klingon an Ohlonean Language? − A Comparison of Mutsun and Klingon." MA thesis. 1996. Web. <http://www.cs.vu.nl/~dick/Summaries/Languages/MutsunKlingonComparison
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Bilingualism Bilingualism is the ability to communicate in two languages unlike monolingualism‚ which is the ability to speak only one language. More than half of the world’s population can speak two or more languages‚ people tend to use it in their everyday lives. It’s not surprising that so many people can be bilinguals‚ since there are roughly 6‚500 languages spoken in the world. Each individual country can have more than one language‚ such as in India there are 445 languages‚ in Indonesia
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