René Descartes By: Geaney Pacursa René Descartes (31 March 1596 – 11 February 1650) was a French philosopher‚ mathematician‚ and writer who spent most of his adult life in the Dutch Republic. He has been dubbed the ’Father of Modern Philosophy’‚ and much subsequent Western philosophy is a response to his writings‚ which are studied closely to this day. In particular‚ his Meditations on First Philosophy continues to be a standard text at most university philosophy departments. Descartes’ influence
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Socrates the great philosopher once stated‚ ‘… the unexamined life is not worth living …’. This statement echoed through the centuries to influence and inspire generations upon generations of human beings. In Plato’s Apology (Biffle & Plato‚ 2001)‚ Socrates explains what he believed was the best practice for the “greatest good” of human beings‚ examination and understanding. Socrates urged for the examination of life‚ culture‚ tradition and moral. Socrates also insisted that “I am a citizen of the
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One of the major themes that Socrates heavily focused on in his speech was the philosophical ideas of wisdom and a description of Socrates’ own wisdom as well. Older accusers had allegedly claimed that Socrates did not believe in gods‚ and instead would try to explain phenomenons through physical explanations instead‚ as well as the fact that Socrates would teach others how to make a weak argument triumph a stronger one by using clever rhetorics. In Socrates’ defense‚ he has stated that he does not
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Socrates’ Perception of the Common Good What did Socrates believe so firmly that eventually caused him to be sentenced to death? Why must the Oracle of Delphi have proclaimed Socrates the wisest man of all? In Socrates’ eyes‚ there were a few qualities every human being is capable of possessing which make up the common good. He ardently believed that in order to achieve this‚ one must be humble‚ selfless‚ and open-minded. More importantly‚ Socrates seemed to stress that a person must stand up for
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Socrates was a Greek philosopher who lived from 470 BCE to 399 BCE‚ unlike other writers of the time he is entirely known through the works of those around him such as Xenophon and Plato. In one of Plato’s work about Socrates‚ the Apology‚ Socrates sets up an argument for disobeying the laws of men that he appears to be at odds with another argument in another work about Socrates by Plato about excepting punishment in Crito. Many believes that these inconsistencies are actually the invention of Plato
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comes to the study of philosophy (or‚ history and the humanities)‚ Socrates is a name that arises early and often‚ ultimately serving as the very essence of western philosophy‚ as its foundation can easily be traced all the way back to his teachings3. Regarding the very early contributors of science‚ Socrates’ name is largely absent from many of the specific textbooks offered within the hard sciences field of study‚ however. Socrates’ relative contributions are not completely devoid of text; rather
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Russo starts off by giving a brief overview of the era in which Socrates lived‚ and how he went through life. Socrates lived in the Golden Age of Athens after the Greeks overcame the Persians‚ and a new period of arts and culture came into be. In 399 B.C. he was put to trial for not believing in the gods of Athens‚ and for teaching the youth of Athens to question everything. The verdict was that Socrates would be sentence to death‚ and even though he had enough time to escape his sentence he refused
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insight into the educational theories of Socrates. It is rather difficult to gain any information from first hand written accounts of Socrates work as he hardly ever took down notes and the only accounts that have stood the test of time are those that were documented by Plato‚ a student of Socrates. In actual fact most of what we know is from later people such as Aristophanes‚ Xenophen‚ Plato and Aristotle. These accounts are what have been formulated into Socrates theories. This poses some questions
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Socrates was one of the greatest philosophers of all time who questioned many individuals about their beliefs on ideas and thoughts that they take for granted by feeling that they know knowledge on a particular subject but utterly find out that they obtain no knowledge or wisdom on that subject that they felt so strongly about‚ which in turn‚ ended up being embarrassing to that individual. However Socrates feels that if he did not live and examined his life would have been pointless because he would
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and through skepticism the modern world began. The French philosopher‚ René Descartes who implemented reason to find truth‚ as well as the British empiricist David Hume with his usage of analytic-synthetic distinction‚ most effectively utilized the practices of skepticism in the modern world. René Descartes was the first philosopher to introduce the intellectual system known as "radical doubt." According to Descartes‚ everything he had learned before could have possibly been tainted by society
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