►Progressive/graduated tax Generally‚ rates increase as income increases ►Federal income taxes ►FORMULA: ►Income (very broadly inclusive) ►LESS: Exclusions (income not subject to taxation) ►EQUALS Gross income ►LESS: Deductions for adjusted gross income ►EQUALS Adjusted gross income ►LESS: Greater of itemized deductions or standard deduction ►LESS: Personal exemptions ►EQUALS Taxable income ►MULTIPLIED BY: Tax rate ►EQUALS Tax owed ►LESS: Tax credits ►LESS: Tax prepayments/withholdings
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Coupe The Effects of Tax Reform on Charitable Contributions By: Gerald E. Austen‚ James M. Cilke and William C. Randolph In this paper Austen‚ Cilke‚ and Randolph surveyed the effects of tax reform by examining charitable contributions from 1979 through 1990. This was examined following several changes to charitable giving within the tax code. These changes were predicted to result in a 15% decrease in charitable giving (267). The first change came from “The Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981 (ERTA)
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Portfolio Project ACT400 Corporate Tax-ACT400 September 1st‚ 2012 Portfolio Project ACT400 I. Problem 1-Osprey Corporation a. Facts Dan and Patrick Zimbrick‚ sole shareholders of Osprey Corporation have been required to repay compensation to Osprey Corporation that was found by the IRS to be excessive. In order to determine how these repayments are to be treated for tax purposes‚ it is important to note that in 2006 the board of directors made up of Dan‚ Patrick
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RETROSPECTIVITY OF TAX STATUTE Submitted By: Priya Misra Id. No.: 490 NATIONAL LAW SCHOOL OF INDIA UNIVERSITY BANAGALORE ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The first and most academic debt that I have incurred during the preparation of this project is to Prof. Rajendra Babu‚ I am also grateful to the library staff for helping me in searching for the relevant data. Priya Misra CONTENT Introduction
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RATIONALE FOR STATE INTERVENTION AND PUBLIC POLICIES “Tobacco is the only industry that produces products to make huge profits and at the same time damage the health and kill their consumers.” - Margaret Chan‚ n.d. The controversial Sin Tax Bill was approved and became a law when the Philippine President‚ Benigno S. Aquino III signed the Republic Act No. 10351 on December 19‚ 2012 after the long sixteen (16) years hot debate in the Legislative branch of the Philippines. This issue has been
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one of the most important clients at B&C is stressing to the firm that he wants the firm’s expertise to help reduce taxes on his accounts. Peter‚ a tax partner who is a more inclined risk taker has taken on the project‚ but his methods are proving to be illegitimate. He is claiming that top clients do not need third party verification on their tax information when other clients are required to have this verification. Jessica has looked at the past files and found major discrepancies that would only
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TEST 1 Correct Response Indicate whether each of the items listed below would be included (A) in or excluded (B) from gross income for the 2012 tax year. 1. Alimony | | 2. Lottery winnings | | 3. Life insurance proceeds received upon the death of a family member | | 4. Child support payments | | 5. Reimbursement of hospital expenses from a health insurance plan | | 6. Municipal bond interest | | 7. Unemployment compensation | | 8. Scholarships for tuition and books | | 9
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000 Ford Motor Company bonds 1‚100 Ally Bank certificate of deposit 400 2‚500 Child support payments from John Allen 7‚200 Annual gifts from parents 26‚000 Settlement from Roadrunner Touring Company 90‚000 Lottery winnings 600 Federal income tax refund (for tax year 2011) 400 Wanda previously was married to John Allen. When they divorced several years ago‚ Wanda was awarded custody of their two children‚ Penny and Kyle. (Note: Wanda has never issued a Form 8332 waiver.) Under the divorce decree‚ John
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loss on the home when its value was $280‚000 and the value of furniture and personal belongings inside the house was $50‚000. The homeowner’s policy will only cove 50% of the value of the loss. Specific Issues 1. Whether Sam can claim any type of tax deduction on his individual return for the damages to the house. 2. If so‚ how is the amount of the deduction determined? Conclusions 1. Sam can claim itemized
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Understanding Federal Income Tax Taxes have been part of our economy for a long time and are enforced by the government or other agencies‚ on income and expenses. Taxation in the United States began when it was composed of colonies. During this time taxes were imposed on commodities through legislative such as the Stamp Act‚ the Sugar Act‚ Townshend Revenue Act‚ and Tea Act. Later‚ in 1913‚ the states ratified the sixteenth amendment‚ which gave congress power to tax incomes. Taxes were imposed
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