Exercise 6: Cardiovascular Physiology Worksheet Assignment Due: Week 6 Electrical Stimulation Activity 1: Direct Heart Stimulation 1. Did you see any change in the trace? I did not see a change in the trace 2. Why or why not? This is because it needs more stimulation 3. Did you see any change in the trace? I did see a change in the trace 4. Why or why not? This is because there is double stimulation. 5. Describe the change you see in the trace. How does it differ from the baseline
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generation of action potential on the axon. When the stimulation in form of graded potential is larger than the threshold of the membrane potential‚ the voltage-gated sodium channels open up. The opening of sodium channel makes the plasma membrane more permeable to sodium ions. Due to the difference in electrochemical gradient‚ sodium ions from the outside enter the cytoplasm rapidly‚ rapid repolarization occurs. The polarity of the membrane changes from -70mV (resting potential) to a positive value
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Aquaporin Water Channels Peter Agre Roderick MacKinnon All living matter is made up of cells. A single human being has as many as the stars in a galaxy‚ about one hundred thousand million. The various cells – e.g. muscle cells‚ kidney cells and nerve cells – act together in an intricate system in each one of us. Through pioneering discoveries concerning the water and ion channels of cells‚ this year’s Nobel Laureates Peter Agre and Roderick MacKinnon‚ have contributed to fundamental chemical
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Title: Reaction of Iodoethane with Sodium Saccharin- Ambient Nucleophile Dates Performed: February 21 + 28‚ 2013 Date Submitted: March 14‚ 2013 Abstract: The product ratio of N-ethylsaccharin to O-ethylsaccharin that occurred due to alkylation with iodoethane at 80 oC was determined to be 81.5% to 18.5%‚ respectively‚ based on an analysis of the 1H NMR spectrum that was collected. The melting point range of 87.8-94.7 oC also indicated that the mixture was largely composed of N-ethylsaccharin
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“hydro-discipline‚” the Killpacks called the paramedics because Cassandra was unresponsive. The paramedics delivered her to the hospital‚ where she died later that day. Medical investigation found that Cassandra’s brain was swollen and the concentration of sodium in her blood and tissues was far below normal. Case 3: James McBride 4 James McBride‚ a 25-year-old police officer‚ died after a 12-mile bike ride that was part of a training course. Over the course of the ride‚ James drank roughly three gallons
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move from Ni to Pb Pb2+(aq) move toward Pb(s) C. electrons move from Pb to Ni Ni2+(aq) move away from Ni(s) D. electrons move from Pb to Ni Ni2+(aq) move toward Ni(s) (2) 2. Which processes occur during the electrolysis of molten sodium chloride? I. Sodium and chloride ions move through the electrolyte. II. Electrons move through the external circuit. III. Oxidation takes place at the positive electrode (anode). A. I and II only B. I and III only C. II and III only D. I‚ II and III
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cations. When testing for cations/metals you could use a flame test this is the simplest and quickest way of test for cations another way that you could test for cations is a sodium hydroxide test this test consist of adding sodium hydroxide to test compound when coloured precipitate is formed them stop adding the sodium hydroxide and see what the cation is by using the table below‚ this table show what colour the precipitate is and any further results. Anion Precipitate colour Further
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manganese di oxide. The negative electrode is made of zinc. To do brush‚ we use tooth paste which is made because of chemistry. It contains sorbitol‚ water‚ hydrated silica‚ sodium lauryl sulphate‚ cellulose gum‚ flavor etc. So‚ toothpaste is all chemistry. When we go to bath‚ we use soaps. It consists of sodium palm kernelate‚ sodium palmate‚ sorbitol‚ glycerin etc. it is made because of chemistry only. Chemistry plays an important role in the discovery and understanding of materials contained in those
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LU 1 - Tutorial 1. Write the formulas for the following compounds: Compound Copper (II) chloride Iron(II) sulphate Sodium sulphate Ammonium nitrate Sodium nitrite Potassium sulphate Magnesium phosphate Formula Compound Lithium acetate Manganese (IV) nitrate Potassium permanganate Iron (III) oxide Potassium sulphite Potassium hydrogen carbonate Sodium iodate Formula 2. Express the following numbers in scientific notation: a) 0.000000027 b) 356 c) 47 764 d) 0.096 3. Express the following numbers
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Gerona‚ Evelyn Chemical Reactions Experiment No. 7 Date Performed: Feb. 17‚ 2014 Date Submitted: Feb. 24‚ 2014 Mrs. Vitancol I. Theoretical Framework A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. Classically‚ chemical reactions encompass changes that only involve the positions of electrons in the forming and breaking of chemical bonds between atoms‚ with no change to the nuclei (no change to the elements present)‚ and can often
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