major electrolytes that are in our body are as follows: sodium (Na+)‚ potassium (K+)‚ chloride (Cl-)‚ calcium (Ca2+)‚ magnesium (Mg2+)‚ bicarbonate (HCO3-)‚ phosphate (PO42-)‚ sulfate (SO42-). Sodium is an abundant metallic element which is an important mineral for all living organisms. It is also widely used industrially to make an assortment of consumer goods. In a pure form‚ sodium is a soft‚ silvery gray‚ highly reactive metal. Pure sodium is usually stored in a nonreactive substance‚ as it oxidizes
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Experiment 4: To recover cyclohexanone from the oxidation of cyclohexanol by hypochlorite Experiment 6: To recover adipic acid from the oxidation of cyclohexanone CHEMICAL REAGENTS Cyclohexanol Acetic Acid Chlorine (Bleach) Thymol Blue (indicator) Sodium Hydroxide These reagents were all used during experiment 4. APPARATUS USED Simple distillation apparatus 250mL round bottomed flask PROCEDURE: Experiment 4 8 mL of cyclohexanol was placed into a 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask‚ and then a thermometer
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Experiment: Reaction of distilled water and solid sodium hydroxide RESEARCH QUESTION How does the heat released during the reaction between distilled water and Group 1 elements (lithium‚ sodium and potassium) vary as one goes down the group? OBJECTIVE The objective of the experiment is to measure the heat change during the reactions with minimal heat loss to the surroundings. MATERIALS The materials to be used in this experiment are: • Lithium‚ sodium‚ and potassium metal are the three Group 1 elements
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Transparency examination‚ the presence of white particulate matter was noted. Possibilities include casts (indicative of disease - uncommon)‚ epithelial cells‚ crystal formation‚ or contamination. Further investigation is required to determine cause. Sodium levels were very slightly below normal‚ which is no cause for concern. WBCs were present in moderate amounts‚ possibly indicating a urinary tract infection. This could also be due to lack of aseptic technique during collection. The absence of nitrites
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hours. Voiding dark amber urine without difficulty. Intake for last 24 hours is 2500mL. Output is 2000mL including urine and NG drainage. Febrile and diaphoretic; BP 130/80; pulse 88; urine specific gravity 1.035; serum potassium 3.0 mEq/l; serum sodium 140mEq/l‚ CL 92mEq/l‚ Mg 1.4 mg/dL. 1.) Analyze the data in the case study. Do the findings indicate a fluid deficit or fluid excess problem? Support your answer with data from this patient. I would guess a fluid volume deficit. Dark amber urine
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after "Robert Bunsen"‚ is a lab piece equipment that produces a single flame which is used for heating‚sterilization and combustion. Our instructor‚ Dr. Immel‚ provided us with six heavy metals those metals were: Barium‚ Calcium‚ Lithium‚ Potassium‚ Sodium‚ Strontium. My group got a platinum flame loop‚ and decontaminated it with the water beaker filled half way with water. To light the Bunsen burner my group used a striker‚ which Dr. Immel provided. We started off with Barium‚ when Charlotte put it
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ground level are the result of the rapid release of energy into the air‚ causing the air to expand faster than the speed of sound. This produces a shock wave‚ a sonic boom. The colors are produced by heating metal salts‚ such as calcium chloride or sodium nitrate‚ that emit characteristic colors. The atoms of each element absorb energy and release it as light of specific colors. The energy absorbed by an atom rearranges its electrons from their lowest-energy state‚ called the ground state‚ up to a
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Ethanol is flammable Sodium hypochlorite is an oxidizing agent and releases toxic fumes (handle in fume hood) Acetic acid is corrosive‚ harmful if inhaled‚ flammable and can cause burns (handle in fume hood) Gloves are recommended to avoid chemical contact with skin Reaction Scheme: Conversion of acetanilide to p-bromoacetanilide Procedure: To a 125 mL Erlenmeyer flask containing a mixture of 95% ethanol (6 mL) and acetic acid (5 mL)‚ dissolve acetanilide (7.4 mmol) and sodium bromide (1.8 g). Place
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become: K = [Na+]2 [B4O5(OH)42-] The first equilibrium expression and the balanced solubility equilibrium reaction allow us to express either borate ion or sodium ion in terms of the other. So‚ it is possible to determine the constant in terms of either ion. After substituting borax ion in place of the sodium ion‚ ([Na+] = 2 [B4O5(OH)42-] ‚ K = (2 [B4O5(OH)42-] )2 * [B4O5(OH)42-] ) we get: K = 4 [B4O5(OH)42-]3 . Finding the concentration of borate ion in any sample
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experiment involved the preparation of the working standard Cu(II) solution of specific concentration from CuSO4•5H2O. A standard sodium thiosulfate (Na2S2O3) solution was also prepared to serve as the titrant for the analysis. Proper handling should be administered for this solution since it decomposes into its component ions when it is exposed to acids‚ light‚ and bacteria. Sodium carbonate was added to the solution to act as a preservative. Boiled distilled water was also used in dissolving the crystals
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