carbonate from the mixture. In the second reaction we use the product of the first reaction (CaCl2) and change it back to calcium carbonate (CaCO3) by mixing CaCl2 with potassium chloride (2KCl). Objective To separate the components of mixture of sand‚ sodium chloride and calcium carbonate. Materials and Equipment 1. Two beakers 2. Experimental mixtures 3. Distilled water 4. Funnel 5. Filter paper 6. Evaporating dish 7. Buchner funnel 8. Weighing machine 9. Conical flask 10. Hydrochloric acid(HCl) 11
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Aim: To compare the foaming capacities of five different commercial soaps. Apparatus: 5 test tubes‚ 5 conical flasks (100 ml)‚ test tube stand‚ Bunsen burner and stop watch. Materials Required: 5 different samples of soap and distilled water Theory: The foaming capacity of a soap sample depends upon the nature of soap and its concentration. This can be compared for various samples of soaps by taking the same concentration of solution and shaking them.The foam is formed and the time taken
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Determination of the Equilibrium Constant for Ferric Thiocyanate In this laboratory exercise‚ the equilibrium constant(Kc) for the reaction between the Ferric Ion (Fe3+) and the Thiocyanate Ion (SCN-) was determined. After measuring the absorbance of the Ferric Thiocyanate‚ and carrying out some calculations; it was determined that Kc=130.81M Introduction: Chemical equilibrium is established when a reaction exists in a state where the forward reaction rate is equal to its reverse reaction
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Emission Spectra & Flame Tests Intro The emission spectrum is used in modern chemistry to help further studies of wavelengths and the spectrum. When a metal in a compound reacts in a flame and produces a color‚ it helps to show the strongest color in the emission spectrum. The purpose of performing these operations on the flame was to see how different metals would react. Using a spectroscope‚ it is possible to observe the line emission spectrum produced by sunlight‚ artificial light‚ and
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very well. When NaCl solution is dissolved in water‚ the solution conducts very well‚ because the solution contains ions. The ions come from the table salt‚ whose chemical name is sodium chloride. Sodium chloride contains sodium ions‚ which have a positive charge‚ and chloride ions‚ which have a negative charge. Because sodium chloride is made up of ions‚ it is called an ionic substance. After completing the experiment and plotting each conductivity value I found that as the NaCl increased in concentration
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included‚ not everything. 2. WE + acidified K2Cr2O7 2 = sol 3 turns green 3. WE + acidified KMnO4 = pink colour of KMnO4 is discharged 4. Sulphide: Colourless gas with a smell of rotten eggs (H2S); turns lead acetate paper black 1. Sodium nitroprusside test: WE + sodium nitroprusside 4 = purple / violet colour 2. Lead acetate test: WE + lead acetate 5 (aq) = black ppt 5. Nitrite: Pungent light brown gas 1. Starch-iodide test: WE + dil H2SO4 (or dil acetic acid); boil‚ then add solid KI + fresh starch
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Procedure: Melting point of RCO2H Before observing the melting point of the unknown sample‚ the melting apparatus had to be standardized with a standard substance having the melting point of 151°C-153°C. After placing a small sample of the standard in a capillary tube and inserting the tube into the sample tube holder‚ the plateau on the device was set to 15°C below the expected melting point. After its temperature reached the plateau‚ the temperature increment was set at 1°C per minute‚ and the
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EXPERIMENT II: SEPERATION OF A MIXTURE OF SOLIDS PURPOSE: The purpose of this experiment was for me to become familiar with the separation of mixtures and solids and to learn separation techniques based on the chemical properties of a substance. PROCEDURE: Before beginning‚ I set up a data table to record data from the experiment. 1. Separating out the Iron a) I used my digital scale to determine the mass of my weighing dish. b) I emptied the entire mixture of solids from the plastic bag into
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____1.1______g Mass of Filter Paper plus Benzoic Acid after complete drying: ___1.9_______g Mass of Benzoic Acid: _____0.8_____g 4. Separating out the Salt: Mass of Paper Cup plus Sodium Chloride after complete evaporation of water: ___4.7_______g Mass of Sodium Chloride (use Mass of Paper Cup from #3 to calculate): ___2.2_______g Mass (g) Percent in Mixture* Iron filings 1.9 g 1.9/6.8*100= 28% Sand 1.9 g 1.9/6.8*100= 28% Table Salt 2.2 g 2.2/6
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Name : ……………………………………………………………….. Date Due : …………………………………………………………….. Year 12 80% A 70% B AS Level Chemistry 60% C 2008 – 2009 50% D 40% E Below U Questions on % Haloalkanes 2.8 32 1. Chloromethane can be prepared by a reaction between methane and chlorine in the presence of ultraviolet radiation. (i) Outline the mechanism for this reaction. .....................................................................................
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