DETERMINATION OF FRUIT ACIDS BY TITRATION AND CALCULATION OF THE SUGAR/ACID RATIO It is the sugar/acid ratio which contributes towards giving many fruits their characteristic flavour and so is an indicator of commercial and organoleptic ripeness. At the beginning of the ripening process the sugar/acid ratio is low‚ because of low sugar content and high fruit acid content‚ this makes the fruit taste sour. During the ripening process the fruit acids are degraded‚ the sugar content increases and
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I. Introduction The purpose of this experiment is to determine the pH values of acids‚ bases‚ and buffers of distilled water and 10.0 buffer using measured concentrations of Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and/or Hydrochloric acid (HCl). Acid is a compound typically having a bitter taste and capable of nullifying alkalis and releases hydrogen ion when added to a solution‚ or containing an atom that can accept a pair of electrons from a base (McKinley‚ Dean O’Loughlin‚ & Stouter Bidle‚ 2016). Bases are water-soluble
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angle the wheel has turned through. |We have a problem of constant angular acceleration. The figure & coordinate system are |[pic] | |shown. Since a time is given in the problem we must use the equations of motion. | | | | | |((t) = (1/2) (
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indicator‚ methyl orange‚ phenolphthalein and many more. Acids and bases are diverse in this world. They are everywhere ranging from foods to trees to rocks and many more. Indicators can be used to determine whether these substances are acidic‚ basic or neutral. Manufactured indicators are one type and the second type is natural indicators. Believe it or not‚ the majority of fruits‚ vegetables and flowers contain pigments which may be used as acid-base indicators. For example‚ Red cabbage contains within
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problems in your lab notebook. Be sure to specify the knowns & unknowns‚ the formulas used‚ show your work with labeled units and round you’re answers to the appropriate significant figures. 15-1 Molarity Problems: (M = moles/ liter ) 1. What is the molar concentration of a 415 ml solution containing 0.745 moles of HCl? (A: 1.80 M HCl) 2. What is the molar concentration of an acetic acid (CH3COOH) solution containing 3.21 moles in 4.50 liters? (A: 0.713 M) 3. How many moles
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To solve a system of equations by addition or subtraction (or elimination)‚ you must eliminate one of the variables so that you could solve for one of the variables. First‚ in this equation‚ you must look for a way to eliminate a variable (line the equations up vertically and look to see if there are any numbers that are equal to each other). If there is lets say a –2y on the top equation and a –2y on the bottom equation you could subtract them and they would eliminate themselves by equaling zero
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Solving systems of linear equations 7.1 Introduction Let a system of linear equations of the following form: a11 x1 a21 x1 a12 x2 a22 x2 ai1x1 ai 2 x2 am1 x1 am2 x2 a1n xn a2 n x n ain xn amn xn b1 b2 bi bm (7.1) be considered‚ where x1 ‚ x2 ‚ ... ‚ xn are the unknowns‚ elements aik (i = 1‚ 2‚ ...‚ m; k = 1‚ 2‚ ...‚ n) are the coefficients‚ bi (i = 1‚ 2‚ ...‚ m) are the free terms
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Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin) Synthesis Telow‚ AJV Sumicad‚ CJ‚ Tavanlar‚ EMMT‚ Chem 40.1‚ Institute of Chemistry‚ University of the Philippines Los Baños I. Introduction Organic synthesis is the process where a desired organic compound is constructed or prepared from commercially available materials. The objective of organic synthesis is to design the simplest synthetic routes to a molecule. Aspirin‚ also known as acetylsalicylic acid is as salicylate drug often used as analgesic
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ETHERS Classification of Ethers: Symmetrical ethers – two groups attached to O are identical Ex. CH3CH2OCH2CH3 – diethyl ether Unsymmetrical ethers – two groups attached to O are not identical Ex. CH3CH2OCH3 – ethyl methyl ether Physical Properties of Ethers: Ethers have much lower boiling points compared to alcohols of comparable MWs. BPs of ethers increases with increasing MW. BPs of isomeric ethers increase with increasing alkyl chain length. BPs of ethers are about the
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Measurement of the Heat of Neutralization of an Acid CHM 152IN CRN: February 5‚ 2000 I. Purpose of Experiment The purpose of this lab is to measure the heat released in the reaction of an acid and a base. This will demonstrate an enthalpy reaction‚ showing energy being released. II. Chemicals and Equipment The following chemicals and equipment will be utilized for the experiment: |Chemicals |Equipment
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