Conformity and Obedience Why do we conform? Two basic sources of influence: normative social influence‚ the need to be liked‚ accepted by others and Informational influence: need to be correct and to behave in accordance with reality. Solomon Asch (1956) devised an experiment to see if subjects would conform even if they were uncertain that the group norm was incorrect. In his study he asked subjects to take part in an experiment. They were each asked to match a standard length line with three
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by two other physicians‚ Hyppolyte Bernheim and A. A. Liebault‚ who demonstrated that they could put most people under the hypnotic spell.(Asch‚ 1955‚ p.1) Continuous repetition of instructions has shown that it can affect a person’s involuntary reaction. “The sociologists Gabriel Tarde summed it all up in the aphorism: “Social man is a somnambulist.””(Asch‚ 1955‚ p.1). An experiment was conducted by simply asking opinions and references to a group of college students concerning various matters
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Psychology Contributions Howard Gardner: Created the theory of multiple intelligences‚ which says that human beings have 8 different “sections” of intelligence. E.L. Thorndike: Developed the puzzle box‚ used to study animal psychology and intelligence; postulated the idea of connectionism which is a proponent of learning and relates basic associations between cause and effect; developed the law of effect principle which states that events followed by satisfaction will be linked with the event
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The pressure to conform is more present in a group setting however it also occurs when an individual is alone. Factors that affect the degree and overall level of conformity within a group include group size‚ unanimity‚cohesion and status. Solomon E. Asch conducted a study to test the theory of conformity. He displayed a set of different length lines to a group of students‚ and
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Comparing and contrasting majority influence and minority influence Majority influence is usually thought to produce public conformity‚ a good example of majority influence in how people behave in the society‚ In our daily lives‚ we involuntarilyfollow others so that we can fit in even if we disagree in private‚ this is also known as normative influence (Manstead & Hewstone‚ 1996).People comply to others to avoid conflicts‚ blend and integrate well with the rest‚ even if it means that they act in
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Conformity to majority influence Types of Conformity Kelman (1958) proposed three types of conformity: Compliance – going along with others to gain their approval or to avoid their disapproval Internalisation – going along with others because you have accepted their point of view because it is consistent with your own Identification – going along with other because you have accepted their point of views because of a desire to be like them Compliance When exposed to the views or actions of
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think that McDonald’s (the conditioned stimulus) is winners’ fuel‚ which after watching all the ads over and over‚ the conditioned response is “being a winner.” Asch‚ the psychology study‚ demonstrate that sometimes people conforms to the responses of a unanimous majority even when this majority seems to be wrong. For this study Asch showed groups of people two cards‚ one of them had a line‚ called standard line‚ and the other card had 3 more lines then the participants had to select which line
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Theories of Motivation Arousal: * A person’s state of alertness and mental and physical activation. Arousal Theory: * People are motivated to maintain an optimal level of arousal. * The optimal level is different for all of us. Stimulus Motives: * Motives that cause us to increase stimulation. * Appear to be unlearned‚ * Curiosity‚ exploration‚ and play that occur when your arousal is too low. Yerkes-Dodson Law Yerkes-Dodson Law: * Principle that performance on a
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Mori and Arai tried to update the Asch study by including a range of participants of different ages and gender‚ and also by avoiding the need for actors to be used. Researchers used the ‘Mori’ technique‚ which is where participants wear filter glasses that allow them to see different things
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The Milgram Experiment Stanley Milgram‚ a famous social psychologist‚ and student of Solomon Asch‚ conducted a controversial experiment in 1961‚ investigating obedience to authority (1974). The experiment was held to see if a subject would do something an authority figure tells them‚ even if it conflicts with their personal beliefs and morals. He even once said‚ "The social psychology of this century reveals a major lesson: often it is not so much the kind of person a man is as the kind of situation
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