The Separation and Purification of Organic Compounds Sunshine Marie Introduction Each year‚ many thousands of new or unknown organic compounds are prepared or extracted from natural sources such as plants‚ fungi and animals. In order to identify an unknown organic compound or the components of a mixture of organic compounds‚ it is necessary firstly to separate and purify the compounds. At any given temperature‚ a certain number of molecules of a substance in the liquid state have sufficient
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amount of sample in vial and add three drops of 6 M NaOH. Cautiously sniff and suspend DIW dampened red Litmus paper to test for NH3+‚ if necessary. If smells strongly of ammonia and turns suspended litmus paper blue‚ NH4+ is present. Sample Solubility and Solution Tests *For DIW-soluble sample‚ dissolve about ½- 2/3 of sample in about 10-15 mL DIW. pH Test Fill several vials with solution‚ and determine pH using indicators (starting with HBtB) pH 1.5: HSO4- must be present‚ and OH- must
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35 Change in temp 6 17 13 Caloric content (Cal/g) 1.2 2.8 2.4 Ionic Reactions Introduction: I will learn about ionic reactions and how to balance equations. Materials and Methods: I mixed various precipitates to see if the solubility rules apply or if there were exceptions. Results: See table below Discussion: I formed an idea of different ionic reactions and how they can differ. Questions: B. Yes C. Carbonates‚ Phosphates‚ sulfides‚ oxides or hydroxides form
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Instructor: Andy Szalkiewicz 9/30/2014 Recrystallization Objective/Abstract: The purpose of this lab is to purify solids contaminated by relatively small amount of impurities by a technique called Recrystallization. Compounds that have different solubility at different temperature usually can be recrystallized. Formulas and Structures: Benzoic Acid Methanol Percent Recovery: Indicates how much of the active ingredient was able to recover after the purification method. Weight
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include color for precipitates. Examine the reactions against both dark and white backgrounds. If there is no reaction for that combination of solutions write NR (no reaction). Before beginning‚ set up a data table similar to the Data Table: Solubility Rules Table in the Lab Report Assistant section. CAUTION! Sodium hydroxide is caustic and can burn skin and clothes if it touches them. Rinse any spills well with copious amounts of water. Also‚ most of these chemicals are toxic by ingestion
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Title of Experiment Extraction of Spinach Date that the Experiment was Performed This experiment was performed on Wednesday‚ September 17th‚ 2014 at 2:45 pm in the St Ignatius Science Center Laboratory 323. Partners Names Taylor Jackson and Matt D’Angelo. Taylor‚ Matt‚ and I shared the same data. Purpose/Goals/Objectives The purpose of this experiment was for each student to use column chromatography to separate plant pigments from spinach leaves. Some goals and objectives were to
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colored in solution‚ and most of their compounds are white. It is impossible therefore to use colors of solutions or precipitates to indicate which of these cations is present in solution. Instead‚ in this experiment‚ you will use differences in solubility to separate from each other. APPARATUS: Small test tubes‚ test tube rack‚ litmus paper‚ test-tube holders‚ hot plate‚ centrifuge‚ three beakers (250 mL or 400 mL)‚ distilled water bottle‚ glass rod‚ dropping pipette‚ vial containing unknown
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A Comparison of Gravimetric Analysis and Volumetric Analysis To analysis the proportion of an element in a certain substance‚ the experiment could be done by gravimetric analysis and volumetric analysis‚ and these two methods of analysing could be occupied on several different purpose of experiments as well. In a specific experimental condition‚ there will be one method that is the most suitable to choose‚ and it is depending on the temperature‚ substance status‚ pressure and chemical properties
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Gabriel Alizaidy Liquid Chromatography September 14‚ 2009 Objective: To separate the components of unsweetened‚ grape flavored Kool-Aid. Procedure: Using two syringes‚ inject different concentrations of alcohol to extract red and blue dyes‚ and artificial flavoring. Data: Conclusion: Different dyes are shown when separated by different concentrations of isopropyl alcohol. Discussion of Theory: Chromatography‚ resolution and selectivity played major roles in making the experiment work
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Introduction: Recrystallization is used for the purification of solid compounds. The recrystallization process relies on the fact that majority of compounds are more soluble in hot solvent than in cold. The hot saturated solution containing the compound will have unwanted impurities and will be filtered out and cooled to produce the pure crystal constituents of the compound. Thin layer chromatography can be used as a physical method to segregate compounds from natural sources. E.g. Spinach
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