gases Solubility and the Factors that Affect it * Solubility: Refers to the greatest amount of solute that a solvent will dissolve before the solution becomes saturated. Solubility is affected by temperature‚ pressure and the nature of the solute and solvent * The solubility of a substance depends on the temperature of the solution. * Temperature doesn’t affect the solubility of all solids the same way‚ but rise in temperature of the solvent negatively affects the solubility of gases
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Solubility Product Constant of an Organic Salt Note : The solubility of potassium hydrogen tartrate (KHT‚ 188.18g/mol) is 1.0g/162mL at 25C and 1g/16mL at 100C. KHT (s) K+(aq) + HT-(aq) Objective : Determine the solubility and solubility product constant by titration. Prelab Questions : (PL1) Calculate the solubility‚ in M‚ of potassium hydrogen tartrate at 25C and at 100C. (PL2) Write an expression for Ksp of potassium hydrogen tartrate. (PL3) Calculate the theoretical
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crystallize first As the crystals are formed‚ the correct molecules that will fit in the crystal lattice are selected while the wrong molecules are ignored‚ resulting in a pure solid - Depends on: 1) solubility of the compound 2) differences in solubility of the desired solutes & impurities dissolved in the solvent - Common Solvents Used: Solvent | Formula | Polarity | Boiling Pt. (oC) | Water | H2O | Very Polar | 100 | Ethanol | CH3CH2OH | Polar | 78
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Chapter 11: Measuring solubility Measuring Solubility Solubility: the maximum amount of that substance that can be dissolved in a that temperature Saturated solution: a solution which no more solute can be dissolved at that temperature Measuring solubility Determine the maximum mass of solute that can be dissolved in 100 grams of solvent at a particular temperature Worked Example A maximum of a 6g of solute can be dissolved in 20g of water at 20ºC. What is the solubility of this solute in water
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Week-2-Solubility Name: ___________________________________________________ Section: ______________ For Instructor Use Only POST-LAB REPORT FOR THE SOLUBILITY EXPERIMENT I) Conclusion: Write the conclusions regarding your observations and results obtained from each part 2A‚ 2B‚ 2C
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The Effect of Temperature on Solubility By Aviraj Singh Rogers 2 Background: The solubility of most solid substances is generally said to increase as the temperature of the solvent increases. However‚ some substances‚ such as ytterbium sulfate‚ do the opposite. This can be explained through the Second Law of Thermodynamics which states that “in all energy exchanges‚ if no energy enters or leaves the system‚ the potential energy of the state will always be less than that of the initial state”
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Intermolecular forces – design lab Research question: To calculate the solubility of equal masses nitrates of four di-positive ions (Lead Nitrate‚ Barium Nitrate‚ Copper Nitrate & Ferrous Nitrate of 0.5 M concentration) in an equal volume of water and relate this to the ionic radius of the element and the molar mass of the nitrate chosen and hence comment on the intermolecular forces in each of these nitrates. + write mass Justification of the research question: I was particularly interested
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Experiment 1: Mixtures Aim: To develop an understanding of different types of mixtures including solutions and examine the different solubilities of some solutes and two solvents: water and ethanol Equipment Bunsen burner Tripod Gauze mat Beakers (2 x 100mL) Boiling chips Distilled water Sodium chloride Sodium chloride (solid) Glass rod Measuring cylinder (25mL) Ethanol Watch glass Thermometer 100% Orange Juice 100% Apple Juice 100% Prune Juice Solder Fruit Scone Charcoal Copper(II) Chloride Magnifying
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temperature. (The solution contains undissolved solute in equilibrium with the solution.) Since calcium hydroxide is only slightly soluble in water‚ it is a difficult base to classify. It is often assumed that since calcium hydroxide has a low solubility that it is a weak base. But‚ don’t forget that it contains hydroxides ions‚ which automatically makes it a strong base! In fact‚ the pH of a saturated calcium hydroxide solution is about 12.4. Thus we can classify a saturated solution of calcium
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PROCEDURE A. Effect of temperature on solubility of a solid in water. a. Put 1g of KCl (Potassium Chloride) in 10 ml water with an ignition tube at 10°C‚ then shake and observe the solubility of KCl. b. Heat the solution to 40°C and not higher‚ then stir and observe its solubility. c. Add another gram of KCl in the mixture‚ then stir and observe the solubility. Heat the mixture in an 80°C water bath then shake and‚ once more‚ observe the solubility of the KCl. d. Repeat the procedure with
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