Chemical Energetics All about enthalpy‚ calorimetry and the First Law of Thermodynamics A Chem1 Reference Text Stephen K. Lower • Simon Fraser University1 Contents Part 1: Energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Part 2: Basic thermodynamics: what you need to know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Systems and surroundings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Properties
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Chemical Reactions What is a Chemical Reaction? Types of Chemical Reactions Redox Reactions Nonredox Reactions Classifying Reactions What is a Chemical Reaction? A chemical reaction is a process in which the identity of at least one substance changes. A chemical equation represents the total chemical change that occurs in a chemical reaction using symbols and chemical formulas for the substances involved. Reactants are the substances that are changed and products are the substances that are
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First‚ the causes of this pollution‚ second the effects of this pollution and last how to overcome this problem. Firstly the causes of this problem is the attitude of human. The human attitude nowadays really disappointing. They do not have the love feeling to the nature and throw garbage or any chemical substances anywhere including the river‚ the sea and any water sources. So this chemical substance will harm the water and we as the user will use the water without notice that we use the contaminated
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CHEMICAL WEATHERING Chemical weathering is a process of alteration of rocks of the Earth’s crust. is a chemical decomposition process. is brought out by atmospheric gases and moisture. End product has a different chemical composition and poorer physical constitution. The process: Chemical change in the nature of rock takes place in the presence of moisture containing many active gases such as CO2‚ N2‚ H2‚ and O2. Rocks are made up of minerals. All the minerals in a rock are not in
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In the first reaction‚ magnesium was burned to produce magnesium oxide. The reaction produced a bright light‚ which is evidence of a chemical change. The second reaction occurred as a result of solid magnesium reacting with hydrochloric acid. The reaction produced heat and bubbles‚ both indications of a chemical change. A wood splint was used to determine that the gas produced was hydrogen gas‚ hence the other product is magnesium dichloride. In the third reaction‚ ammonium carbonate was heated to
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A Critical Analysis of the Effects of Chemical Castration and Physical Castration on the Recidivism Rates of Sex Offenders Introduction This paper examines the effects of chemical castration and physical castration on the recidivism rates of sex offenders. Using theory integration or the multifactor approach‚ the findings reveal there are several factors influencing sex offender recidivism. Both chemical castration and physical castration have the potential to reduce the recidivism
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CHAPTER 3 Arbitrage and Financial Decision Making Chapter Synopsis 3.1 Valuing Decisions When considering an investment opportunity‚ a financial manager must systematically compare the costs and benefits associated with the project in order to determine whether it is worthwhile. Determining the cash value today of the costs and benefits is one way to make such a comparison. In a competitive market‚ a good can be bought and sold at the same price‚ so the market price can be used to determine
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The hypothesis If a chemical reaction occurs‚ then there will be indicators of a chemical change‚ was supported throughout this experiment. Throughout this experiment there were several reactions that took place‚ and an indicator of such chemical reactions could be seen throughout each one. The first piece of identifiable evidence was present in the first step‚ which was when copper (II) nitrate and sodium hydroxide were combined. When stirred‚ a blue precipitate formed at the bottom of the test
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Department of Chemistry Physical and Chemical Properties Submitted by Date Submitted: February 2‚ 2014 Date Performed: January 31‚ 2014 Lab Section: Chem-180 Course Instructor: Professor Spenser Purpose The purpose of this lab experiment is to observe physical and chemical properties of substances which
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Chemical kinetics‚ also known as reaction kinetics‚ is the study of rates of chemical processes. Chemical kinetics includes investigations of how different experimental conditions can influence the speed of a chemical reaction and yield information about the reaction’s mechanism and transition states‚ as well as the construction of mathematical models that can describe the characteristics of a chemical reaction. In 1864‚ Peter Waage and Cato Guldberg pioneered the development of chemical kinetics
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