Introduction Polymers are large macromolecules composed of many small repeating subunits (monomers) connected via covalent bonds. Both natural and synthetic polymers are created via polymerization of these small molecules (Chemistry 144 Writing Assignment information sheet). The chosen polymer‚ polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) in the form of Teflon®‚ is a synthetic fluoropolymer of tetrafluoroethylene (Wikipedia‚ 2015)‚ and is one of the most well-known brand names for PTFE based formulas‚ owned by
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Edward Cross Organic Chemistry December 10‚ 2012 Title Steam Distillation of Cloves and Extraction of Eugenol Authors Edward J. Cross* Summary The isolation of Eugenol from Cloves begins with whole cloves and then using a steam distillation apparatus to obtain the cloves oil substance. Then with the mixtures of water and dichloromethane to form two immiscible layers. The layers were dichloromethane substance and aqueous The entire substances that are separated into two individual
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Synthesis of Isopentyl Acetate (Banana Oil) Using a Fischer Esterification Reaction Zhenshu Wang (Stan) TA: Aaron League September 23‚ 2012 Purpose: The purpose of the experiment was to perform the acid-catalyzed Fischer Esterification of acetic acid and isopentyl alcohol to form isopentyl acetate‚ or banana oil‚ which is used in flavor industries. The equilibrium of the reaction was changed by adding an excess amount of acetic acid. The reaction was refluxed and product was purified by extraction
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consist of fats and oils. The test performed is called the Ethanol Emulsion test. The solubility of lipids and ethanol were broken down in this test. Lipids are non-polar organic compounds‚ making them un-soluble in water but soluble in organic solvents‚ such as ethanol. Sudan IV solution tested the oil in each sample by dying the lipids red and rising the oil to the top of the solution. The hypothesis was that the whole and soy milk were going to test negative for the presence of lipids. The null
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There are many different binding modes of ligands to transition metal atoms. In past experiments with Co(II) and Co(III)‚ you observed that a ligand such as Chloride or amine can coordinate in a monodentate fashion. You also observed that carbonate occupies two sites of a transition metal and is known as a bidentate ligand. In this experiment‚ you will observe the reaction of a -bond in an olefin with a molybdenum metal center to form a piano-stool shaped molecule. The molybdenum metal retains
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application segment for LAB and accounted for 97.9% of total market volume in 2013. LAS is further used for producing laundry powders and cleaners used for domestic and industrial applications. Other applications of LAB include as wetting agents‚ ink solvents and painting industry. The report “Linear Alkyl Benzene Market Analysis By Application (Heavy Duty Laundry Liquids‚ Laundry Powders‚ Light Duty Dish Washing Liquids‚ Industrial Cleaners‚ Household Cleaners) And Segment Forecasts To 2020” is available
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of H-ZSM-5 nanozeolite At first‚ to choose optimum conditions‚ we tried to prepare 2‚3-dihydriquinazolin-4(1H)ones from the reaction of 4-chlorobenzaldehyde (1 mmol)‚ isatoic anhydride (1 mmol)‚ and 2-aminobenzothiazole(1.1mmol) as a model‚ under solvent-free conditions in different temperatures in the presence of catalyst (0.02 g). Next‚ the model was examined at different amounts of catalyst at 100 oC (Table 2). As shown as table 2 the best result was obtained at 100 oC and 0.045 g of the catalyst
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Adeoti Taylor Chem2583 Organic Chemistry Laboratory Class ID:8622098 Organic Lab 2 2583-04 Instructor: Andy Szalkiewicz 9/30/2014 Recrystallization Objective/Abstract: The purpose of this lab is to purify solids contaminated by relatively small amount of impurities by a technique called Recrystallization. Compounds that have different solubility at different temperature usually can be recrystallized. Formulas and Structures: Benzoic Acid Methanol Percent Recovery: Indicates how much of the
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Introduction: This experiment focuses on carrying out a Perkin Reaction to synthesize (E) and (Z) isomers of α-phenylcinnamic acid. This was accomplished by refluxing benzaldehyde‚ phenylacetic acid‚ acetic anhydride and triethylamine as a base. The chemical equation of a Perkin Reaction can be seen below. The reaction mechanism for the synthesis of α-phenylcinnamic acid is shown below: Results: Theoretical Yield Therefore‚ phenylacetic acid is the limiting reagent. Table
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Methanol (12.5ml) and Benzoic acid (4.9 grams) are heated together in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid (1.5ml) until equilibrium is achieved. A reflux apparatus is set up for 1 hour to carry out the reaction at the boiling point of the solvent (Methanol‚ 2.5ml). Then‚ separation though an extraction apparatus and/ or separatory funnel got rid of the compounds‚ excluding dichloromethane‚ in a series of four steps. The basicity had to be tested to check and see whether the unreacted Benzoic
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