expects of them. It’s a tradition‚ which has been practiced for 2‚000 years. Although female circumcision is a traditional practice worldwide (performed in countries such as; Bahrain‚ Oman‚ Indonesia‚ Malaysia‚ Togo‚ Uganda‚ Zaire‚ Sudan‚ Tanzania‚ Somalia‚ Ivory‚ Niger‚ Nigeria‚ Mauritania‚ Mali‚ Kenya‚ Ethiopia‚ Gambia‚ etc.) It is particularly prevalent in Africa‚ where circumcision occurs in approximately twenty-six
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‘The perils of indifference’ was what famous Hebrew journalist‚ Eidel Wieser‚ said to describe the blatant lack of regard states had for the ways Jews were treated all across the world. Discrimination‚ ethnic cleansing and purges were just a few of the atrocities that they were subject to and yet little was done to assist them. This reaffirms the need for countries to intervene in the affairs of another‚ in terms of economic‚ political or social instability‚ because states are not always capable
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The genocide in Rwanda is arguably one of the greatest tragedies of the twentieth century. In 100 days approximately 800‚000 Tutsis and moderate Hutus were murdered in brutal waves of violence. Despite this‚ the international community stood by and did nothing. There have been many arguments made over just why this was‚ ranging from ignorance of the situation‚ apathy towards peacekeeping missions‚ or simply having more pressing issues than a tiny state in Central Africa. This essay will examine why
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that would last long after imperialism. For example‚ civil war in the Democratic Republic of the Congo erupted in 1998 due to ethnicity conflicts in the region. It lasted for five years and ended in 2003. Along with the Congo‚ Sudan‚ Angola‚ Chad‚ and Somalia had many years of “armed conflict" and violence. In Sudan‚ it was a civil war caused by lasting cultural problems from the 1800’s that has caused the deaths of about two million people. As for Angola‚ a civil war was caused by the lack of natural resources
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Cosmopolitan peacekeeping and peacebuilding in Sierra Leone: what can Africa contribute? David Curran and Tom Woodhouse Kofi Annan called for a reform in the UN General Assembly in regards to global politics. Annans process of reform was called ‘thinking anew’. In spite of Annans process of ‘thinking anew‘‚ more than 300 recommendations for reform have been filed. Debates at the theoretical level has developed‚ which places an emphasis on reconceptualizing security. Norms on security have changed
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UNIVERSITY OF NEW ENGLAND ELECTRONIC RESERVE UNIVERSITY OF NEW ENGLAND COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA Copyright Regulations 1969 WARNING This material has been copied and communicated to you by or on behalf of the University of New England pursuant to Part VB of the Copyright Act 1968 (the Act). The material in this communication may be subject to copyright under the Act. Any further copying or communication of this material by you may be the subject of copyright protection under the Act.
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Security in Nigeria‚ in African Peace Review‚” Vol.1. No.1‚ (April 1997). UN‚ International “Conference On Peace Building Summary of Proceedings‚” Ireland‚ April 28 - May 31‚ 1996. Thakar R‚ “From Peace Keeping to Peace Enforcement: The UN Operation in Somalia‚” Journal of Modem African Studies‚ Vol.32‚ No UNPUBLISHED MATERIALS Akindele R‚ “International Peace Keeping: Some Main Issues and Problems‚” Paper Presented at the National Seminar on Nigeria and Peace-Keeping in Africa‚ Kano‚ May 19-23‚ 1990. Awala
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to the station for processing. During processing‚ the husband is visibly agitated. He keeps mumbling to himself and rocking back and forth in his chair. His wife comes to the station and reports that her husband had some bad experiences while in Somalia. She requests that he be allowed to return home with her after processing. The police officers‚ already at the end of their shift‚ readily agree. Officer Rook is designated to write the report and deliver it to the prosecutor’s office. P. Ross
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operations undertaken by the Army include Operation Black Thunderstorm and Operation Rah-e-Nijat. Apart from conflicts‚ the Army has been an active participant in UN missions and played a major role in rescuing trapped American soldiers from Mogadishu‚ Somalia in 1993 in Operation Gothic Serpent. It reportedly receives $4 to $5 Billion per annum as of 2011. The President of Pakistan is the Commander-in-Chief and supreme commander of the Army. The Chief of Army Staff (COAS)‚ a four star general‚ technically
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This fact alone is enough to make most nations embarrassed for the United States. The U.S. occupies the middle of the list with significantly less executions than its nearest larger competitor Pakistan but still more than Somalia whose government is in shambles because of decades of genocidal civil war. Another important factor is that most of the nations on the list‚ apart from China and North Korea‚ are predominantly Muslim nations who execute criminals for violations of
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