first important point relating to direct democracy‚ education. If the decisions of the community are dependent on every individuals understanding of the decision being made‚ then education is key. To take the modern day example of the upcoming referendum on Scottish independence‚ this can be seen as a form of direct participation‚ the decision being made is a profound one and a decision either way will have significant and long term implications for each Scottish citizen. Therefore in the interest
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In the year of 1916 the labour government introduced conscription. Conscription or ‘national service’ was a method of convincing men to compulsory enrollment into the armed forces. Before introducing conscription it was a significant issue in Australia between the years of 1914. This was due to the fact that there were different people on both sides of the issue who were and weren’t in support for conscription. Most countries such as Britain fought with a conscripted army of men besides Australia
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The Progressive Era (1895-1920) was a time where the middle and upper class citizens became involved in adjusting the social order and reforming the government in response to the inhumane conditions that resulted from the Industrial Revolution. Reformers sought to not only improve urban conditions but also to reform political systems and improve life for many Americans. (Schultz 2013‚ 335) Many changes had to be made in order to fix the major problems that resulted from the Industrial revolution;
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assets‚ or adjusting the winter allowance for pensioners Indirect: Representative All citizens vote for representatives But on most issues‚ only these representatives get to vote Only occasionally might there be direct voting‚ when there is a referendum 3. Review: instrumental justifications of democracy Chiefly‚ a form of democracy is justified instrumentally when it is a good decision-procedure – when it brings about the right end result This could be rule for _The aggregate good _The
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used for appeals from the Supreme Court and as an adjudicator of constitutional questions (Week 2 MLE Lecture Notes). Referendums are “a vote of the Australian people on measures proposed or passed by the Australian Parliament” (Australian Electoral Commission‚ 2014). Any proposed change to the Australian Constitution must be put to a vote of all Australian voters in a referendum. In relation to media‚ the laws come from the regulators‚ the industry bodies and the broadcasters. They are “independent
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Soviet Union.[56][57][58] Crimea’s pre-1945 autonomy was re-established with the Crimean sovereignty referendum in 1991‚ the final year of the Soviet Union’s existence.[59] The Autonomous Republic of Crimea has been part of an independent Ukraine since 1991‚ when the former constituent Republics of the Soviet Union became independent states. In 1992‚ the Crimean Parliament voted to hold a referendum to declare independence‚ while the Russian Parliament voted to void the cession of Crimea to Ukraine
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There are few cases that rival Factortame in being concurrently substantively clear and decisive‚ and perplexing as to its full impact. The scope of the change to the UK constitution that has been instigated by it and other European Court of Justice decisions has been conceptualised as ranging from a ‘legal evolution’ to ‘revolution’. Although some theories are more convincing than others‚ each faces its own weaknesses. However‚ notwithstanding the conclusion of this particular speculative debate
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Devolution is the transfer of political power from central government to subnational government and within that is parliamentary sovereignty which is where the parliament is the supreme law making body. The United Kingdom is officially the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Great Britain is the largest of the British Isles and consists of three nations: England‚ Scotland and Wales. British Identity has been built around symbols of the UK state such as the monarchy‚ the Westminster
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expense of Zimbabwe‚ Mugabe went on to spend more on the army and weapons. Robert Mugabe for the first time had a taste of defeat in 2001‚ as voters overruled in a referendum to a new constitution which would give him yet more power and made the country a one-party nation. In 2001 he blamed and betrayed the small white minority for the referendum and forced them to move back to Britain. Once again Mugabe won election in 2002 by rigging the vote. He then extended his authority for another six years and
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Account for the failure of the West Indian Federation Federation is the act of forming a political unity under a federal government. In 1958‚ the British Caribbean colonies came together to form a West Indian Federation. There were ten units in this union: Jamaica‚ Antigua‚ Barbados‚ Trinidad and Tobago‚ Dominica‚ St. Lucia‚ St. Vincent‚ St. Kitts‚ Montserrat‚ Grenada. This attempt was short-lived as it was resolved in 1962. There are several reasons for the failure of the West Indian Federation;
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