INTRODUCTION TO TAXATION Unlike most transfers‚ which are voluntary‚ taxation is compulsory. That’s needed because of free-rider problem (no one will have injective to contribute) Modern taxes are monetized (individuals provide just money) Tariffs are taxes imposed on imported goods. Tariffs protect domestic producers. Taxes can be divided to: • direct • indirect Direct taxes are individual income tax‚ payroll tax (used to finance social) security‚ corporation income tax
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Table of Contents Chapter 1 1 Theoretical considerations about 1 taxes and fees 1 1.1. General Considerations about Taxes and Fees 1 1.2. Direct taxes 3 1.2.1. Profit Taxes 4 1.2.2. Salary (payroll) taxes 6 1.2.3. Dividend taxes 7 1.2.4. Local taxes 8 1.3. Indirect taxes 9 1.3.1. Value Added Tax 11 1.3.2. Duty 13 1.3.3. Excise 14 Chapter 2 – S.C. Sarten S.R.L. 16 Company presentation 16 2.1. Short history 16 2.2. Organizational
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w 页码，1/2(W) Taxation of Individuals and Business Entities 2011‚ eBook - 1st 2/e Content Chapter1: An Introduction to Tax Who Cares About Taxes and Why? LO1 A clear understanding of the role of taxes in everyday decisions will help you make an informed decision about the value of studying taxation or pursuing a career in taxation. One view of taxation is that it represents an inconvenience every April 15th (the annual due date for filing federal individual tax returns without extensions)
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Progressive Taxation Saj October 23‚ 2012 The Common Sense Party supports a light progressive taxation tax plan which gives low income and middle class earners a chance to save more money to spend on their bills and necessities. We believe that higher income individual earners have more money to spend on bills and necessities with a larger sum left over for savings than a low income earner or a middle class earner. However we do not believe in overtaxing high income earners to the point
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Chapter 14 Commodity Taxation Reading • Essential reading – Hindriks‚ J and G.D. Myles Intermediate Public Economics. (Cambridge: MIT Press‚ 2005) Chapter 14. • Further reading – Diamond‚ P.A. and J.A. Mirrlees (1971) ‘Optimal taxation and public production 1: Production efficiency and 2: Tax rules’‚ American Economic Review‚ 61‚ 8—27 and 261—278. – Madden‚ D.‚ (1995) ‘An analysis of indirect tax reform in Ireland in the 1980s’‚ Fiscal Studies‚ 16‚ 18—37. – Murty‚ M.N. and R. Ray (1987)
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NOTES IN TAXATION Taxation- process or means by which the sovereign‚ through its lawmaking body‚ raises income to defray necessary expenses of the government; power of the State‚ inherent in sovereignty -indispensable and inevitable price for civilized society‚ without taxes‚ government would be paralyzed. Taxes- lifeblood of the government and their prompt and certain availability are an imperious need. Objectives of Taxation: Shifting wealth from the rich to the poor Maintaining
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This is my first time posting my essay on here but i need help please. I have never written a narrative essay so i need to know if this is what it is supposed to look like? My Inspiration My father taught me lots of lessons in life since I was young‚ but the one that stood above them all was the subject of education. He always told me that if I wanted to be successful I would have to go to college to make something out of myself. My family is not a wealthy family. Therefore‚ my dad saved every
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© 2012 Reed International Books Australia Pty Limited trading as LexisNexis. Ancillary for Understanding Taxation Law 2012 by Gilders‚ Taylor‚ Walpole‚ Burton and Ciro Understanding Taxation Law 2012 by Gilders‚ Taylor‚ Walpole‚ Burton‚ Ciro Suggested answers to Activities and Questions by Tony Ciro Chapter 10: Capital Allowances © 2012 Reed International Books Australia Pty Limited trading as LexisNexis Permission to download and make copies for classroom use is granted. Reproducing or distributing
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of taxation in the transformation of the Japanese Economy Introduction Before the Meiji restoration under the feudal Tokugawa Shogunate‚ taxation was mainly a tool for warfare and military power. The system was highly regressive and pressed lightly on the rich and profit-earners. It was calculated to preserve a very unequal distribution on incomes and to stimulate the accumulation of private capital. This tendency somehow continued and was magnified before W.W.II when direct taxation was
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1 License fees 3.7.2 Poll tax 3.7.3 Other o 3.8 Descriptive labels given some taxes 3.8.1 Ad valorem o 3.8.2 Consumption tax 3.8.3 Environmental tax 3.9 Fees and effective taxes 4 History o o 4.1 Taxation levels 4.2 Forms of taxation 5 Economic effects o o 5.1 Tax incidence 5.2 Reduced economic welfare 5.2.1 Cost of compliance 5.2.2
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