Abstract: Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) act‚ was enacted in 2002‚ in the wake of large accounting scandals ENRON and WORLDCOM .Especially for SMEs (small to mid-sized enterprises) that can benefit from implementing the control objectives‚ for governance‚ compliance and improved security. SOX compliance did not gave detailed requirements for IT compliance‚ therefore many auditors adopted COBIT and COBIT guidelines to comply with SOX. This research discusses the latest sox developments in the SME‚ key findings
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Table of contents: 1. Introduction ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -2- 2. The first effect: accountants responsibility increase * Special sections of SOX that increase accountants responsibility by imposing criminal liability------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -3- * Accountants independence resulting in a higher responsibility of accountants------- -4- * Fraud decrease
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problems that arose from the Enron and WorldCom bankruptcies. The article illustrates how the different rules and legislature affect different size business‚ and the ramifications that resulted for companies that must follow the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The authors of the article also conducted a study on whether or not fraud of the financial statements was in direct correlation of businesses filing bankruptcy (Nogler & Inwon‚ 2011‚ p. 68) like in the cases of Enron and WorldCom. The results found that the
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project submitted to the Gordon Institute of Business Science‚ University of Pretoria‚ in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Business Administration. 14 November 2007 ABSTRACT The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX) is the only legislated corporate governance structure‚ and is aimed at increasing investor confidence in public companies by forcing them to be transparent in their financial affairs. In order for companies to comply with the legislation‚ significant
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corporate and accounting scandals that included Enron‚ Tyco International‚ WorldCom and Adelphia. What the myriads of corporate scandals have in common was skewed and questionable reporting of financial transactions that cost investors billions of dollars. Stock prices of these companies collapsed and questioned the confidence of the independent auditors and the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) were questioned. Commonly referred to as Sarbox or SOX‚ the Act was named after the
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Bibliography: Enron in context: perfectly legal creative accounting. (2013). Retrieved 2013‚ from epress.anu.edu.au: http://epress.anu.edu.au/ethics_auditing/ch02s03.html Cotter‚ D. (2012). Advanced Financial Reporting A Complete Guide to IFRS. Prentice Hall/Financial
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Understanding the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) and its impact on Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) Chan Rajaram This paper is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for graduation from Accounting Theory and Practice (BUSN 5600) Webster University Summer 2015 Abstract To discuss the origin and background of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) and how it was implemented with an aim to improve accountability in the financial reporting process of all public companies. We
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There are many public listed companies in the Bursa Malaysia but most of these companies are consider going private for several reasons that the SOX act has affect their companies (An Analysis of Why Public Listed Companies Go Private in Malaysia‚ Lau Chee Chin‚ 1998). The History of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 The Sarbanes Oxley Act (SOX) of 2002‚ also known as the Public Accounting Reform and Investor Protection Act was introduced by Senator Paul Sarbanes and Representative Michael
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companies such as Arthur Anderson‚ Enron‚ and WorldCom were affected. The Enron and WorldCom disasters offered the motivation from the community outrage that required many of the on hand reform proposals into effect for publicly traded companies. Many of these existed for years lacking adequate political authority to be passed. The Act provides a solid foundation of government rules that are targeted to punish corporate‚ accounting fraud‚ and corruption. The SOX is aimed to carry out its tasks by
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Representative Michael Oxley drafted the Sarbanes-Oxley Act or "SOX" in 2002 in order to curb the incidence of corporate fraud. The “Act” was signed into law on July 30th 2002 by President George W. Bush with the express purpose of restoring public confidence in the financial markets; and after enacting “the Act”‚ neither Sarbanes or Oxley would run for re-election in the 2006 elections (Jahmani & Dowling‚ 2008). The intent of the SOX Act was to protect investors‚ and any other stakeholders in a
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