INTRODUCTION Public Interest Litigation: The term "Public Interest" means the larger interests of the public‚ general welfare and interest of the masses ((Oxford English Dictionary 2nd Edn.) Vol.Xll) and the Word “Litigation” means "a legal action including all proceedings therein‚ initiated in a court of Law with the purpose of enforcing a right or seeking a remedy." Thus‚ the expression `Public Interest Litigation’ means "any litigation conducted for the benefit of public or for removal of some
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As a special education teacher it is important to understand the field of education as an evolving and changing discipline based on philosophies‚ evidence-based principles and theories‚ relevant laws and policies‚ diverse and historical points of view‚ and human issues influences that will continue to have an impact on the field of education and the treatment of individuals with exceptional needs both in school and society. These factors influence professional practices including assessment‚ instructional
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time‚ towards the education of persons with disabilities. The spirit of reform‚ crystallized in the philosophy and precepts of the European Enlightenment‚ created new vistas for disabled persons and the pioneers who ventured to teach them. Although special education emerged in a number of national contexts‚ France was the crucible where innovative pedagogies to assist those deaf‚ blind‚ and intellectually disabled emerged and flourished (Winzer‚ 1986). Following the French initiatives‚ movements to
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Collaboration in Special Education Collaboration is a style for direct interaction between at least two coequal parties voluntarily engaged in shared decision making as they work toward a common goal. In special education‚ there are three ways in which team members can collaborate: coordination‚ consultation‚ and teaming. Coordination: Communication and cooperation are the key elements to a successful coordination between parties‚ By sharing information‚ the various actors can work more efficiently
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Juvenile delinquency‚ also known as juvenile offending‚ or youth crime‚ is participation in illegal behavior by minors (juveniles) (individuals younger than the statutory age of majority).[1]Most legal systems prescribe specific procedures for dealing with juveniles‚ such as juvenile detention centers‚ and courts. A juvenile delinquent is a person who is typically under the age of 18 and commits an act that otherwise would have been charged as a crime if they were an adult. Depending on the type
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Special education needs. The last fifty years have seen significant changes in the education of students with special learning needs. An estimated 1.7 million pupils in the UK have special educational needs (SEN)‚ with over 250‚000 having statements of SEN (Russell 2003‚ 215). Many positive advances have been made in educating these children‚ with special needs children receiving more options and learning opportunities. How these opportunities are presented has been an ongoing source of debate
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This Essay aims to discuss the range of special educational needs in mainstream primary schools‚ analysing appropriate teaching and learning strategies to support learning. Special Educational Needs (SEN) is defined as children with learning difficulties that call for special educational provision to be made for them. Children have a learning difficulty if they have a significantly greater difficulty in learning than the majority of children the same age and/or have a disability that prevents or
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Introduction Special events management refers to the use of project management in organizing‚ creating and developing activities such as festivals‚ events‚ conferences and exhibition. It involves identifying the target audience‚ identifying the objective of the event and coordinating the technical aspect of the event. In this regard‚ a special event can be said to be an event that is first class or an extraordinary event in terms of its publicity (Bowdin‚ Allen‚ & O ’Toole‚ 2006‚ p 33). Marketing
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Public-Interest Litigation (PIL‚ or जनहित याचिका) is litigation for the protection of the public interest. In Indian law‚ Article 32 of the Indian constitution contains a tool which directly joints the public with judiciary. A PIL may be introduced in a court of law by the court itself (suo motu)‚ rather than the aggrieved party or another third party. For the exercise of the court’s jurisdiction‚ it is not necessary for the victim of the violation of his or her rights to personally approach the
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Special education has changed in many different ways throughout the last century. The views of they way students with differences should be taught and treated have changed as people have become more open minded. The education laws have also seen a turn about. One major area of education was in a desperate need of changed opinions and beliefs. Education for children with learning problems has emerged from no education to special funding and programs especially for those individuals with
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