Enthalpy change‚ ΔH‚ is defined as the heat output of a system as it goes through a reaction under constant pressure. It is an important aspect of thermochemistry‚ which is the study of energy changes during a chemical or physical reaction . When we calculate enthalpy change‚ we always assume that the pressure is constant. We are able to calculate enthalpy change numerous ways‚ notably by the increase in heat‚ Q‚ given by an exothermic reaction or the heat absorbed by an endothermic reaction. To
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from the final temperature of the aluminum. ΔT = Tf - Ti (5 points) Determine the mass of the water by using the water’s density (specific to the initial temperature) and the volume of the water. Remember‚ density = mass/volume. You can look up the density of the water at your specific temperature. (5 points) Use the equation: q = m(SH)ΔT to solve for the amount of heat gained by the water from metal. You have the mass of water from
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and Naphtha are assumed to be stored at 303 K Specific Heat capacity of naphtha is assumed to be 3.5235 kcal/kmol Specific Heat capacity of Hydrogen =(6.62+0.00081T) kcal/kmol K ∆H = ∑ ni ∫ C pi dT = 6.015915 x10 6 kcal hr i Hence heat required to raise their temperature from 303 K to 693 K Assuming that the fuel used is Natural gas (calorific value = 39383.82 kJ/m3) Thus amount of fuel needed to supply this quantity of heat =152.75 m3/hr Heat liberated within the reactor due to reaction
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An intensive property is a physical quantity whose value does not depend on the amount of the substance for which it is measured. For example‚ the temperature of a system in thermal equilibrium is the same as the temperature of any part of it. If the system is divided the temperature of each subsystem is identical. The same applies to the density of a homogeneous system: if the system is divided in half‚ the mass and the volume change in the identical ratio and the density remains unchanged. According
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melting the top one metre of ice‚ called the active layer. This layer contains both water and mud‚ which both have different viscosities and therefore different specific heat capacities. During the three months of summer‚ when the active layer is visible‚ rocks will embed themselves into it. These rocks have a fairly high specific heat capacity in relation to ice‚ so the ice around it will be melted‚ and the process of percolation will cause a pool of water will form below the rock. As the temperature
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recorded; the change in temperature (∆T) was calculated by subtracting the initial temperature from the final temperature. The reaction was performed twice for every calorimeter. The heat capacity (Ccal) of each calorimeter was calculated using the formula‚ C_cal=(-〖∆H〗_rxn^o n_LR)/∆T [1] where ∆Horxn is the total heat absorbed or evolved for every mole of reaction and nLR is the number of moles of the limiting reactant. The ∆Horxn used was -55.8kJ per mole of water while the nLR was 0.005 mole
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M10/4/PHYSI/SP2/ENG/TZ1/XX+ 22106511 Physics standard level PaPer 2 Candidate session number Monday 10 May 2010 (afternoon) 0 1 hour 15 minutes 0 INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES • • • • • Write your session number in the boxes above. Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so. Section A: answer all of Section A in the spaces provided. Section B: answer one question from Section B in the spaces provided. At the end of the examination‚ indicate the
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info/page07/delta2H.htm>. Kawamura‚ Yoko‚ Ph.D. "MAGNESIUM SULFATE Chemical and Technical Assessment." Diss. Ed. Madduri V. Rao‚ Ph.D. 2007. JECFA. Web. <http://www.fao.org/fileadmin/templates/agns/pdf/jecfa/cta/68/Magnesium_Sulfate.pdf>. "Specific Heat." Specific Heat. N.p.‚ n.d. Web. 14 Jan. 2014. <http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/thermo/spht.html>.
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how to determine the caloric content of food by creating our own calorimeter. Measuring the energy content of three different food samples by using the change in water temperatures from the heat given off while burning the sample. To verify our results much further — equations‚ such as energy and heat capacity calculations‚ helped us establish on such results. As a result of the experiment‚ I learned and understand better the importance of choosing food with the right caloric content to get us through
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occupant to move safely before threatened by smoke Containment • Ensure fire can be contained to smallest possible area Extinguishment • Ensure fire can be extinguished quickly with minimum damage FIRE DETECTION SYSTEM SMOKE DETECTORS HEAT DETECTOR FLAME DETECTOR GAS SENSING DETECTOR Ionisation Dectectors Fixed Temperature Detector Infrared Flame Detector Infrared Flame Detector Photolectic Detector Rate Compensation Detector Ultra Violet Detector Ultraviolet
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