amount of ONPG cleaved by using spectrometric assay (1). The β-galactosidase hydrolyzes ONPG and yields a yellow solution that contains o-nitrophenol and galactose. The solution becomes more yellow as the more ONPG is being degraded. Using spectrophotometry‚ the absorbance of the solution can be determined at a wavelength of 420nm. The assays will help determine the Km‚ Vmax‚ and Kcat of the enzyme. In our assays‚ Na2CO3 is used to stop the reactions by changing the solution pH to basic and as a
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Presence of Alu element within PV92 on chromosome 18 in a mixed ethnical population and its connection with humans’ ancestral origins By Shiyu Song Biology 155Q LAB-A: 14:30-17:30 Dr. Jacob April 17th 2013 Abstract The Alu insertion (+) within PV92 on chromosome 16 usually reflects a person’s ancestral origin. This study aimed to find the correlation between the presences of Alu insertion (+) within PV92 on chromosome 16 within a population. We used PCR to detect the Alu insertions
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Thermochemistry Lab Hypothesis We predict that two different physical changes (dissolving of a chemical substance in water) will produce energy changes; one exothermic and one endothermic. We predict that the temperature change will be affected by the change in system (open vs. closed) will be as follows: the temperature change in the closed system will be greater than that of the open system. Materials Refer to attached sheet Method Refer to attached sheet Observations Substance Added
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Ketchup Lab Report Problem: People visiting fast food restaurants complained that ketchup was dripping onto their fingers and clothes. What could we do to insure that the ketchup will not drop all over the customers? Hypothesis: If I put one ketchup packet in a hotter bath then it will move faster down the styrofoam plate. Independent Variable: The temperature Dependent Variable: The viscosity of the ketchup’s “runniness” Constants: The type of ketchup
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Maria Martinez Anatomy and physiology II TTH 2:20 “Demonstrating the Importance of Surfactant: Lab Report” Introduction Surfactant is an essential component for the respiratory system to function properly. This experiment was administrated to help us understand better the role of surfactant in the alveolar system. Surfactant is a detergent-like substance produced by the Type II alveolar cells in the alveoli. Surfactant is produced to make it easier for people to breath by reducing the surface
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The purpose of the lab was to measure the effectiveness of antacids at neutralizing excess stomach acid. A neutralization reaction is when an acid and a base react to form water and salt. To illustrate‚ H+ hydrogen ions from the acid react with the hydroxide ions OH- from the base. Antacids are taken to relieve heartburn or indigestion caused by excess stomach acid. For instance‚ antacids such as alka-seltzers contain baking soda which is highly reactive with acids‚ settling the discomfort of indigestion
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the highest amount rise‚ which will show us the optimal color of light for photosynthesis. These different colors of light included blue‚ red‚ green‚ fluorescent‚ regular light‚ and classroom light. The classroom light was our control cup during the lab. Before we conducted our experiment‚ the class learned about the photosynthetic process of‚ not only spinach discs‚ but plants in general. As I did more research on photosynthesis‚ the Calvin Cycle‚ wavelengths and pigments required for a proper equation
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Introduction: The purpose of this lab is to apply Mendel’s laws to predict the probability of the occurrence of a single event‚ of two independent events and of certain traits in offspring of parents exhibiting traits. Gregor Mendel was an Austrian monk in 1866‚ who studied how traits were passed using pea plants. From his studies of inheritance‚ he created three laws of inheritance: the law of dominance‚ the law of segregation‚ and the law of independent assortment. He called genes ‘’factors’’
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Osmosis Lab Research Question: In this lab‚ our goal was to look at the effects of different sucrose concentrations on osmosis in potatoes. Our research question was “How do the sugar levels affect the rate of osmosis in potatoes?”. Background Information: Solutions consist of solutes dissolved in a solvent. In all living organisms there are many different types of solutes including salts and sugars. The major solvent is water. There are different concentrations of solutes in various regions
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Exocytosis Lab Report Rough Draft Abstract: In Paramecium caudatum‚ trichocysts are 10^3 secretory vesicles that are released from the cytoplasm. We first observed how the presence of Alcian blue dye triggers normal secretion of trichocysts‚ and we then tested four different hypotheses in order to determine how the presence of Ca++ ions in the extracellular and intracellular environment affects the secretion of trichocysts. Our first our hypothesis tested whether extracellular calcium is
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