brain (stem) and controls automatic functions. All three of these vertebrates have two hemispheres and different lobes. Each vertebrate also has a spinal cord that descends from the brain that carries nerve impulses to and from the body along with blood vessels. All vertebrates have spinal and cranial nerves associated with the brain and spinal cord. Also many systems are needed to maintain and control features of the body. For example the endocrine‚ autonomic‚ and peripheral systems are needed
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terms in the activity are listed here‚ but you only need to provide descriptions for those you used. Term | Description | Central nervous system | The central nervous system has two divisions; the brain and the spinal cord. The brain is located in the skull and the spinal cord is located in the spine. | Cell body | The cell body is the metabolic center of the neuron. | Peripheral nervous system | The division located outside the skull and spine. | Dendrites | Receives most of the synaptic
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tree: dendrite – branched nerve process that serves as the receptor surface of a neuron. Funi-‚ cord‚ rope: funilicus – funiculi of spinal cord or bundle of nerve fibers. Gangli-‚ knot: ganglia – deliver information to the body -lemm‚ rind or peel: neurilemma – sheath that surrounds the myelin of a nerve cell process. Mening-‚ meninges - The three fibrous membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord to protect the central nervous system. Moto-‚ moving: motor neuron – neuron that stimulates
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ganglia outside of the brain and spinal cord. These receptor cells give out their cautionary indications along the peripheral nerve fibers‚ which then transmit the signal to the dorsal horn of the spinal cord‚ which is the main highway for transmitting signals to the brain. A dorsal horn is “a longitudinal subdivision of gray matter in the dorsal part of each lateral half of the spinal cord that receives terminals from some afferent fibers if the dorsal roots of the spinal nerves‚” (Merriam-Webster Medical
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CONSTANT stimulus. For e.g. ticking of the clock in the background‚ jumping into a hot bath or cold lake. After a short time‚ the body reduces the amount of information arriving at the cerebral cortex. Most sensory information is routed towards the spinal cord and triggers involuntary reflexes such as withdrawal reflex e.g. removing the hand from a hot stove. We can
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the person’s level of pain. Treating phantom limb pain effectively takes a multipronged approach‚ meaning both medication and non-medication treatments are used. The medication therapies are used to change or interrupt the signals from the brain or spinal
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4 UBP1110‚ UBP1111 and UBP1112 are at least 100-fold selective for group III over group I and II mGlu receptors expressed in the spinal cord making them the most potent‚ selective‚ antagonists yet tested at (S)-AP4 sensitive receptors in the spinal cord. British Journal of Pharmacology (2003) 139‚ 1523–1531. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0705377 Neonatal rat spinal cord; phenylglycine; mGlu receptors; antagonist; mGlu8; UBP1110; UBP1111; UBP1112 (1S‚3S)-ACPD‚ (1S‚3S)-1-aminocyclopentane-1‚3-dicarboxylic
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Vertebrate Anatomy Room # 123 The Origin of Chordates Reginald Bushner February 15‚ 2013 1 Abstract The word chordate originates from the word chorda or cord. Chordates are a very large group of animals with backbones. These animals have backbones or spines and inside are spinal cords‚ and an internal skeleton as part of their nervous system. It is believed that chordates have originated from invertebrates. It is difficult to determine from which invertebrate group
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profound paraparesis‚ upper extremity diplegia‚ and apnea‚ which required intubation. Computerized axial tomography of the head showed a small amount of contra coup left frontal traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage. MRI of the brain and upper cervical spinal cord performed within 19 hours after admission was negative except for the presence of a Chiari I malformation. All other radiographic studies at the time of admission were normal. The constellation of severe neurologic deficits after relatively minor
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muscles b. autonomic neurons control smooth and cardiac muscles‚ glands‚ and adipose tissue 2. CNS location where reflex is integrated (integrating region within CNS) c. Spinal reflexes don’t require input from brain – may be modulated by higher input from brain but integrated in spinal cord d. Cranial reflexes are integrated within brain 3. Whether reflex is innate or learned (time at which reflex develops) e. Innate (inborn) reflexes are genetically determined
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