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Outline and evaluate the behavioural approach to abnormality. (12 marks) The behavioural approach suggests that all behaviour is learnt. This includes abnormal behaviours. Behaviours can be learned through classical conditioning‚ operant conditioning or modelling. Ivan Pavlov discovered classical conditioning‚ where learning results from the association of stimuli with reflex responses. Classical conditioning can be used to explain the development of many abnormal behaviours‚ including phobias
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blo gspo t.co m/2011/08/systems-appro ach-to -management-by.html Systems Approach To Management by Bertalanffy Systems Approach To Management T he word System is taken f rom a Greek language which means to bring together or to combine. A system is a set of inter-related parts‚ which work together to achieve certain goals. Image Credits © Pablo Alf ieri. Ludwig von Bertalanffy is called the Father of the Systems Approach. According to Ludwig von Bertalanf f y‚ "In order to understand an organised
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A Fresh Approach towards Internalization: A Need of an Hour In India In Finance‚ cross-border transactions can be achieved at near-zero transactions costs using modern technology. In comparison‚ trade in goods has a more limited potential given the larger transportation costs. In Finance‚ there is a natural pressure for households to diversify their holdings internationally so as to achieve a free lunch of reduced risk. There is no comparable pressure in trade in goods which naturally encourages
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Written Report in Principles of Teaching DEDUCTIVE METHOD VERSUS INDUCTIVE METHOD All teaching methods can be classified into two‚ namely deductive method and inductive method. The deductive method‚ the teacher tells or shows directly what he/she wants to teach. The inductive method begins with questions‚ problems and details and end up with answers‚ generalizations and conclusions. Deductive method‚ in this method the teacher presents first the main topic she will discuss
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BEHAVIORISM Fred Luthans‚ James B. Avey and Brett Luthans Definition Behaviorism is a theoretical foundation with roots in psychology with an intentional focus on observable‚ measurable behavior as the primary unit of analysis (Luthans‚ Youssef‚ & Luthans‚ 2005). Behaviorism systematically analyzes the relationships between an individual’s behavior and environmental contingencies. The study and practice of behaviorism emphasizes predicting and controlling/managing behavior and thus is especially
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should be undertaken (Saunders et al. 2009). In a practical way‚ it is a function of research question(s)‚ study approach‚ scale of the study‚ type of data‚ sample size and participants‚ data analyses techniques and study limitations (Johnson and Waterfield‚ 2004). Accordingly‚ this chapter is divided into nine sections. Section 3.1 explains the reasons for the choice of case study approach; section 3.2 describes the sampling strategy and choice of snowball sampling; section 3.3 details the preliminary
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POSITIVE APPROACH Attitude is the most important trait that lifts a man from his present position to the top most. A person who is very positive will spread his positive spirit in al the directions which helps him in unbelievable achievements. This is hard fact of life that whatever be the status of a man‚ his positive attitude always makes him to be the top in his crowd. I have seen many of my superiors and colleagues‚ who were totally negative in their approach‚ had been written off from
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COMPARATIVE METHOD (COMPARISON APPROACH) Principle 1. The subject property is compared to similar properties that have recently been sold for capital value‚ or rented for rental value. 2. The underlying assumption is that if the subject property had been in competition with the comparable property‚ and‚ appealing to the same class of purchaser‚ it would have been in the same market and would have fetched the same price. 3. The principle of substitution is thus intrinsic to this approach. 4
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