Cell Structure and Function Chapter Outline Cell theory Properties common to all cells Cell size and shape – why are cells so small? Prokaryotic cells Eukaryotic cells Organelles and structure in all eukaryotic cell Organelles in plant cells but not animal Cell junctions History of Cell Theory mid 1600s – Anton van Leeuwenhoek Improved microscope‚ observed many living cells mid 1600s – Robert Hooke Observed many cells including cork cells 1850 – Rudolf Virchow
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Experiment title: Preparation of Biological Materials for Microscopic Examination Objectives: 1. To learn how to use a microscope. 2. To study the cell structure of starch grains‚ onion cells and cheek cells. 3. To differentiate the difference between starch grains‚ onion cells and cheek cells. Introduction: Microscope is an optical instrument use to magnify micro objects that hardly or impossible to be observed by naked eyes‚ so that the objects can be studied. Compound light microscope
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which he called cells’ this in itself unbeknownst to him‚ was the discovery of the fundamental unit of all living things. In 1838 a botanist called Schleiden derived the theory The basic unit of structure and function of all living organisms is the cell.’ Over 150 years later this can be regarded as one of the most familiar and important facts within the biological fields. Drawing of cork cells published by Robert Hooke 1665 The Cell itself and use
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Living Environment/Biology A Tour of the Cell CellsTissuesOrgansOrgan SystemsOrganisms *Cells are made up of smaller functional parts known as cell organelles (little organs). Cell organelles are specialized cell structures that perform specialized jobs in the cell.* 1. Cytoplasm- *Jelly-like substance inside of the cell 2. Mitochondria- *In cellular respiration oxygen is used to extract energy from sugars‚ fats‚ and other nutrients 3. Cell membrane- *It is a selectively permeable
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The CELL THEORY‚ or cell doctrine‚ states that all organisms are composed of similar units of organization‚ called cells. The concept was formally articulated in 1839 by Schleiden & Schwann and has remained as the foundation of modern biology. The idea predates other great paradigms of biology including Darwin’s theory of evolution (1859)‚ Mendel’s laws of inheritance (1865)‚ and the establishment of comparative biochemistry (1940). Ultrastructural research and modern molecular biology have
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Cell Organelles Nucleus Its function is to control the cell’s activities and retain the chromosomes. The nucleus is bound by a double membrane‚ the nuclear envelope. The nuclear envelope has pores in it to allow the transport of mRNA. The cytoplasm like material is called nucleoplasm which contains chromatin (coils of DNA and histone proteins)‚ it is chromatin that condenses to form chromosomes during cell division. Within the nucleus is a small spherical body called the nucleolus which
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Plant Cell Plant cells have many different parts that are need to work together and function as a whole. These parts are the cell membrane which can be compared to a "Condom" due to the fact that is a very thin protective layer that lets certain substances to pass through. Cell wall is a thicker rougher membrane‚ which gives the plant most of its structure and support‚ the cell wall also bond with other cell walls to form the structure of the plant. Centrosome may be also referred to as the
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Plant Cell>>Factory A:Nucleus>Main Office The main office of a factory regulates all activities‚ and controls everything that happens inside the factory‚ as does a nucleus in a Plant cell. B:Cell Membrane>Guard The guard of a factory protects the factory from harm‚ and checks trucks‚ that are coming in‚ for anything that could harm the factory‚ as does the cell membrane of a Plant cell. C:Nucleolus>Boss The boss of a factory controls the office and has a high authority in the factory
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The prokaryotic cell precedes any forms of Bacteria‚ Archaea‚ and eventually Eukaryotes by approximately two billion years. This cell was the original life form on the planet and represents the smallest and least complex of all organisms. Through the process of mutation and adaptation they were able to survive to evolve into our modern day Bacteria‚ Archaea‚ Fungi and Protists. These post organisms have benefited from their early ancestor‚ by way of Endosymbiosis. Intricate protest and fungi are
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EXPLORING THE EGG CELL By: Christina Vu SNC2D3 Mr.Ram FUNCTION OF THE EGG CELL: The egg cell is the female gamete used for sexual reproduction. The egg cell is responsible for providing half of the genetic material required for reproduction. When the egg cell joins with the sperm cell.... The egg cell is large and bulky structure which allows the sperm cell to get in easily. WHAT ORGANELLES DOES AN EGG CELL HAVE AND THEIR FUNCTION? Mitochondria: Produces energy for the cell by a process called
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