Erica Osorio 5057497 Christian Roque and Rogerlio The Mechanisms by which E.Coli Cells Developed Immunities toward Ampicillin due to Plasmid and DNA Consumption U34 Abstract During the ampicillin experiment the ability to transform cells to make them adaptable to their environment was studied. The E.coli bacterial cell was used in order to observe how its DNA was able to change and develop immunity towards ampicillin. In order for this change to occur the use of several
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The experiment was separated into four stages‚ the first being preparation of cell competency. In this stage two vials were placed in ice baths‚ one vial containing 50 µL of E. coli and the other containing a CaCl2 solution. 630 µL of the CaCl2 solution was then transferred to the E. coli vial‚ using a sterile pipet. After tapping the tube to mix the solution‚ it was then returned to the ice bath to continue incubation for at least 10 minutes. The cell competency preparation was carried out by the
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Purpose: Examine the role of the cell membrane in the cell by disrupting its function using temperature (Biology 107 Laboratory Manual 2014). This will improve the general understanding of optimal growing temperatures and the breakdown of the cell membrane Procedure: Betacyanin solution of a known concentration was diluted to create a dilution series‚ then placed in a spectrophotometer set to 525 nm. The absorbance of the dilution was used to create a standard curve for betacyanin. Discs of living
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Abstract: The question of the investigation is if lectin can induce mitosis in the cell of an onion root tip. The hypothesis is that‚ if the lectin does not induce mitosis‚ then there should not be a great change in the number of cells that undergo mitosis. The alternate is‚ if the lectin does induce mitosis‚ then there should be an increase in of cells in mitosis. The control group of the experiment had root tip treated with water‚ and the experimental had root tip treated with lectin. Upon the
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Effects of Tonicity on Cell Membrane Abstract The purpose of this experiment was to determine the effects of tonicity on a cell membrane using red blood cells‚ potato strips and three unknown solutions (A‚ B‚ C). First three slides were prepared containing RBC’s and unknown solutions A‚ B and C. A control slide was prepared only using RBC’s. After observing each slide under the microscope it was determined that unknown solution A was hypertonic because the RBC appeared to have shrunk. The
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Chapter 2 Test Review Importance of Cell Division Cell division allows organisms to reproduce‚ to grow‚ and to repair damage. Osmosis- the movement of a fluid‚ usually water‚ across a membrane toward an area of high solute concentration. Diffusion- a transport mechanism for moving chemicals into and out of the cell‚ from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. Active transport- requires chemical energy Passive transport- requires no energy because the molecules move
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Cell division in animals: mitosis‚ cytokinesis‚ and the cell cycle. Cell division in animals is a two-step process involving mitosis and cytokinesis and is set up by interphase. Interphase is a growth period for the cell. In the nucleus the chromosomes are duplicated but are not yet distinguishable because they are still a form of chromatin. There is also a nucleoli‚ one or more‚ present producing ribosomes that are sent to the cytoplasm. Mitosis is the division of the nucleus and multiplication
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Normal cells undergo cell division in an orderly process known as the cell cycle. In this process‚ normal cells send chemical signals to pass between neighboring cells. This keeps the rate of cell division equal to the rate of cell death. Cancer cells break free from normal constraints and follows it’s own pattern of cell division. Cancer cells divide much more often than normal cells which produces a mass of cells‚ also called a tumor. Proto-oncogenes makes proteins that encourage cell division. These
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Introduction Using microscopes allows humans to see things they’ve otherwise would have never seen before‚ like cells. A cell is the basic unit of life. All living things are made of cells. All cells come from preexisting cells through a process called cellular division. There are two types of cells‚ eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Prokaryotes are very simple and small. They are unicellular and have no membrane bound organelles. Their DNA is found directly in the cytoplasm since they have no nucleus
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divisional sequences have sub-stages such as‚ prophase (I‚ II)‚ prometaphase (I‚ II)‚ metaphase (I‚ II)‚ anaphase (I‚ II)‚ and telophase (I‚ II) that is continued by cytokinesis (I‚ II)‚ which is not part of meiosis. The cell undergoes different changes and transformations before and during meiosis‚ such as replication and condensation of chromosomes‚ duplication of centrosome‚ disappearance of nuclear envelope and the nucleus itself and more. During the first stage of the meiosis I homologous chromosomes
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