“Hospital-acquired infections are caused by viral‚ bacterial‚ and fungal pathogens; the most common types are bloodstream infection (BSI)‚ pneumonia (e.g.‚ ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP)‚ urinary tract infection (UTI)‚ and surgical site infection (SSI)” (Medscape‚ 2015). HAIs are often avoidable complications that are under scrutiny by regulatory agencies‚ insurance companies and malpractice attorneys. “A press release from the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology
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Catheter Acquired Urinary Tract Infections Catheter Acquired Urinary Tract Infections Catheter acquired urinary tract infection is one of the most common acquired nosocomial infections (Nicolle‚ 2008). According to Newman (2010)‚ they constitute 40% of all hospital-acquired infections‚ and 80% of these infections are attributable to indwelling urethral catheter (IUC) use. The incidence of bacteriuria is 3%–10% per catheter day (Furfari & Wald‚ 2008). Catheter-associated infections have
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Introduction Herpetic whitlow is an infection that affects the skin. It is caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV). This condition commonly affects the fingers. The infection can recur‚ but the first occurrence is usually the most severe. HSV commonly affects the mouth and genitals‚ but it can affect many other parts of the body. Most people who get herpetic whitlow have an HSV infection in another part of the body that spreads to the fingers through a cut. What are the causes? This condition is caused
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Clostridium difficile Type of microorganisms - Harmless or even beneficial - under normal circumstances. But when something disturbs the balance of organisms in the intestines‚ the bacteria are harmless can grow out of control and cause infection. Bacteria shooting toxins that attack the lining of the intestines‚ causing a condition called Clostridium difficile colitis. Taxonomy Phylum Firmicutes‚ Class Clostridia‚ Order Clostridiales. Family Clostridiaceae‚ Genus Clostridium. Historical synonym:
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The level of periodontal break down depends on the balance between destructive and protective inflammatory mediators. While periodontal bacteria are required for infective periodontal disease‚ individual response determines disease progression. In vitro‚ it has been found that individual response is affected by genetic signaling pathways that affect the expression of inflammatory mediators in response to bacterial lipopolysaccharides (23‚ 25). Risk factors for periodontitis In the past‚ it was believed
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positive and to identify cells morphology. After that biochemical tests were chosen for unknown identification . first of all was done the catalase test to differentiate between the two types of cocci bacteria ( Staphylococcus and Streptococcus ) . Since unknown 8 was determined to be Staphylococcus coagulase test in addition to the following tests were performed on this
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Abstract for Nursing Research Utilization Project Proposal Nanncie Constantin NUR 598 July 9‚ 2012 Dr. Colucceillo Abstract The issue of controlling and preventing hospital-acquired infections is a major problem in the Healthcare system. Most patients admitted to hospitals are at some risk of contracting a hospital-acquired infection (Paterson‚ 2012). Some patients are more vulnerable than others; these include the elderly‚ patients with defective immune systems‚ and premature babies. Hospital-acquired
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Anthrax Pathogen Info: • Rod-shaped‚ spore-forming bacteria with square ends • Spores are inactive until they enter a live host; can survive for decades prior to infection. • Pathogenicity: • Forms a protective protein capsule to avoid phagocytosis • Anthrax toxin (all from RCSB source‚ Anthrax toxin.‚ other journals that are bookmarked) • Three parts (EF and LF attack signaling parts of cell) • Edema factor (EF) is an adenyl cyclase enzyme. It attacks ATP‚ turns it into cyclic AMP‚ and creates
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Clostridium difficile as a gram positive‚ spore like bacteria mainly in hospital and widely spread in the community. It causes infection in human intestines such as diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis. Clostridium difficile original is necessary in human body which helps maintain gastrointestinal balance and body normal regulation. However‚ overproduction of Clostridium difficile causes Clostridium difficile infections (CDI)‚ overgrowth of bacteria become spore form leading to release two exotoxins
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Decubitus/pressure ulcers Kailea D. Ferrell Anatomy and Physiology Decubitus ulcers or pressure sores are common with individuals who are bedridden‚ use a wheelchair‚ or are unable to change their position. This type of lesion is most likely on areas of the body where the bone lies close to the skin such as hips‚ ankles‚ backs‚ elbows‚ and heels. Pressure ulcers can cause life-threatening infection and are common in individuals in nursing homes. Signs & Symptoms:
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