experience an ease in obtaining large amounts of resources by issuing stock. d. A corporation’s resources are limited to its individual owners’ resources. e. Corporations make up 20% of all businesses. 2. An entity that is organized according to state or federal statutes and in which ownership is divided into shares of stock is a a. proprietorship. b. corporation. c. partnership. d. governmental unit. 3. Which of the following are business stakeholders? a. Stockholders b. Suppliers
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(a) Briefly explain what prompted some countries over the world to strongly advocate harmonization of accounting. The important reasons which necessitate harmonization of accounting practices are well contained in the observation made by Saudagaran. “While the initial efforts at harmonization were mainly championed by political bodies and professional accounting organizations‚ current pressures to harmonize are driven by investor groups who use financial statements‚ multinational companies which
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(A) Rules-based accounting standard Rule-based systems are fairly simplistic‚ consisting of little more than a set of if-then statements‚ but provide the basis for so-called "expert systems" which are widely used in many fields. The concept of an expert system is this: the knowledge of an expert is encoded into the rule set. When exposed to the same data‚ the expert system AI will perform in a similar manner to the expert. Rule-based systems are a relatively simple model that can be adapted to
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chapter 1 accounting information systems: An overview Suggested Answers to Discussion Questions 1.1 The value of information is the difference between the benefits realized from using that information and the costs of producing it. Would you‚ or any organization‚ ever produce information if its expected costs exceeded its benefits? If so‚ provide some examples. If not‚ why not? Most organizations produce information only if its value exceeds its cost. However‚ there are two situations
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Chapter 5 Accounting for Merchandising Operations Chapter Summary Merchandising Operations • A merchandising company is an enterprise that buys and sells goods to earn a profit. • Measuring net income for a merchandising company is the same as for a service company through matching of expenses with revenues. • In a merchandising company‚ the primary source of revenue is the sale of merchandise‚ which is called sales revenue or sales. • Expenses for merchandising
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in this week’s readings the Accounting Equation is Assets = Liabilities + Owners’ Equity. Is the accounting equation true in all instances? Provide sample transactions from your own experiences to demonstrate the validity of the Accounting Equation. 2) What does the term account mean? What are the different classifications of accounts? How do the rules for debits and credits impact accounts? Please provide an example of how debits and credits impact accounts. 3) The balance sheet is
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Accounts Receivable: There are several controls in accounts receivable. A thorough audit should be daily comparing the checklist and the system records in customers’ accounts. This is to ensure the payment received is applied to the right customer. A second control is to check if customers’ balances in record are true. One simple way is to send current statements to customers monthly. Customers can help identify if there is any discrepancy between their record and the account statement. A
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ACCOUNTING SUBSTANCE OVER FORM Substance over form is an accounting concept where the entity is accounting for items according to their substance and economic reality and not merely their legal form. It is one of the key determinants of reliable information. For most transactions there will be no difference and in some cases however‚ the two diverge and the choice of how to present the transactions can give very different results. This differences occurs when an asset or liability is not recognized
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inventory on account for $200‚000. Assets + Expense = Liabilities + Incomes Asset named Inventory created and Liability Vendor payable gets created 200000 + 0 = 200000 + 0 c Sold inventory for $200‚000. $75‚000 of the sales were for cash and $125‚000 were on account. The inventory sold had cost Stewart $120‚000. Assets + Expense = Liabilities + Incomes Asset named Cash Balance with get added with 75000‚ Asset named Account receivable
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UNIT 5: ACCOUNTING FOR DEBENTURES LEARNING OBJECTIVES I) II) III) IV) V) VI) VII) IX) X) Understand the meaning and features of debentures. Differentiate between shares and debentures. Understand different classes of debentures Journal entries regarding issue of debentures for cash and for consideration other than cash. Accounting treatment of debentures issued as collateral security Accounting treatment of issue and redemption of debentures at par‚ discount and at premium. Understand the methods
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