3.1 BIOLOGICAL MEMBRANES 3.1.1 Properties of Cell Membranes • Separates living cell from its nonliving surroundings. • 8 nm thick. • Selectively permeable - allows some substances to cross more easily than others. 4.1.2 Fluid Mosaic Model • Singer and Nicolson (1972) - plasma membrane is a mosaic of proteins dispersed within lipid bilayer‚ with only bilayer‚ the hydrophilic regions exposed to water. Hydrophilic region of protein Phospholipid bilayer Hydrophobic region of protein
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Oxygen Exchange and Transport Oxygen exchange or respiration takes place at a respiratory surface; a boundary between the external environment and the interior of the body. Gas exchange is the process by which oxygen and carbon dioxide (the respiratory gases) move in opposite directions across an organism’s respiratory membranes‚ between the air or water of the external environment and the body fluids of the internal environment. Oxygen is needed by cells to extract energy from organic molecules
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Active and passive transport are biological processes that move oxygen‚ water and nutrients into cells and remove waste products. Active transport requires chemical energy because it is the movement of biochemicals from areas of lower concentration to areas of higher concentration. On the other hand‚ passive trasport moves biochemicals from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration; so it does not require energy. Comparison chart Active Transport Passive Transport Definition Active
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Case Study: Central Transport‚ Inc. I. Basic Facts Jean Beierlein is the new president and CEO of Central Transport (CT) and has received an offer for a collaborative relationship from Susan Weber‚ who is the current president and CEO of SAB Distributions. CT and SAB has historically worked together and has developed a long lasting business relationship. The market has undergone dramatic changes that caused SAB to make changes in order to strive to remain competitive. However‚ SAB is losing their
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The Harvard Management Company (2001) Case You will design an excel spreadsheet that allows you to answer the following questions: i) Given figures in Exhibits 4 and 11 what is the expected return and volatility of the policy portfolio? ii) Find an efficient portfolio having the same expected return as the policy portfolio but lower volatility. iii) Find an efficient portfolio having the same volatility as the policy portfolio but higher expected return. iv) Repeat question ii
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New Economy Transport . This report provides an analysis and evaluation of the followi current and prospective profitability‚ liquidity and financial stability of Outdoor Equipment Ltd. Methods of analysis include trend‚ horizontal and vertical analyses as well as ratios such as Debt‚ Current and Quick ratios. Other calculations include rates of return on Shareholders Equity and Total Assets and earnings per share to name a few. All calculations can be found in the appendices. Results of
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Gaseous exchange and transport Movement of chemicals in plants and animals -Chemicals that are being moved into the body‚ within the body or out of the body are gases‚ this movement is known as gaseous exchange. -The gases being moved in our out of the body need to move across the surface area of the body‚ in most cases a special surface area has been developed. -The surface that the gases cross is called the respiratory surface and the gases move across this surface by the process of diffusion
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How Far did Changes to Transport 1750-1900 Benefit the British People? In this essay‚ I will be explaining how transport changes how they helped British People during the Industrial Revolution. I will be writing about three types of transport: Roads‚ Canals and Railways. At the beginning of the Industrial Revolution‚ in 1750‚ it was very difficult to travel on roads as there were a lot of holes that were full of water‚ which meant there was no drainage. This waster filled up all the ruts. All
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4 OSI Transport Layer 4.1 Roles of transport Layer 4.1.1 Purpose The Transport layer provides for the segmentation of data and the control necessary to reassemble these pieces into the various communication streams. Its primary responsibilities to accomplish this are: Tracking the individual communication between applications on the source and destination hosts Segmenting data and managing each piece Reassembling the segments into streams of application data Identifying the different applications
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Membrane Transport Process Process Energy Source Description Examples Passive processes Simple diffusion Kinetic energy Kinetic energy Net movement of particles (ions. molecules. etc.) from an area of their higher concentration to an area of their lower concentration. that is. along their concentration gradient Movement of fats‚ oxygen‚ carbon dioxide through the lipid portion of the membrane‚ and ions through protein channels under certain conditions Osmosis Kinetic energy Simple diffusion
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