States of matter are the distinct forms that different phases of matter take on. Historically‚ the distinction is made based on qualitative differences in bulk properties. Solid is the state in which matter maintains a fixed volume and shape; liquid is the state in which matter maintains a fixed volume but adapts to the shape of its container; and gas is the state in which matter expands to occupy whatever volume is available. This diagram shows the nomenclature for the different phase transitions
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States of matter Four fundamental states: Solid - In a solid the particles (ions‚ atoms or molecules) are packed closely together. As a result‚ a solid has a stable‚ definite shape‚ and a definite volume. Solids can only change their shape by force‚ as when broken or cut. Liquid - A liquid is a nearly incompressible fluid that conforms to the shape of its container but retains a (nearly) constant volume independent of pressure. The volume is definite if the temperature and pressure are constant
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Title: States of Matter Introductions: In this activity you will investigate the physical science of the different states of matter. You are going to see how different atoms and molecules (types of particles) change state (solid‚ liquid‚ and gas) when they are heated or cooled. 1. Click on the link: http://phet.colorado.edu/ This is a screen shot of the website: 2. Click the “Play with sims” button. 3. Click “New Sims”->Click “States of Matter: Basics”->Click “Run Now” This is a screen shot
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Subject:Chemistry Topic:States Of Matter What is matter? Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. All matter can exist in three(3)states. There are: solid‚ liquid and gas. In addition‚ all matter is made up of particles: atoms‚ molecules and ions. Solids In the solid state state‚ the particles are packed closely together in a regular manner. The focus of attraction between these particles are very strong and as a result solids are usually very hard and very difficult to compress
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States of Matter Lab 1 Procedure: Go to: http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/states-of-matter and click on Run Now States of Matter Review: 1) Kinetic energy (KE) is the energy of motion. 2) Potential energy (PE) is the energy of position. 3) What property of a substance corresponds to the average KE of its particles? Temperature 4) What property of a substance corresponds to the average PE of its particles? Phase 5) List the three common states of matter
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CHAPTER 5 STATES OF MATTER INTERMOLECULAR FORCES Intermolecular forces are the forces of attraction and repulsion between interacting particles (atoms and molecules). Attractive intermolecular forces are known as van der Waals forces. van der Waals forces include dispersion forces or London forces‚ dipole-dipole forces‚ and dipole-induced dipole forces. A particularly strong type of dipole-dipole interaction is hydrogen bonding. Dispersion Forces or London Forces Observed between non-polar molecules
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States of Matter Jun Ruan Solid Molecules are tighly packed and harder than liquids and gases. Examples: Ice‚ Coal‚ Salt Amorphous solid-a solid which has a disordered atomic structure. Examples: Glass‚ Rubber Liquids flowing freely but of constant volume. Examples: Water‚ Mercury‚ Alcohol Viscosity-a measure of its resistance to gradual deformation by shear stress or tensile stress. Surface tension-the force that acts on the surface of a liquid and tends to minimize the surface
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The 5th state of matter INTRODUCTION Ice is transformed to water at 0°C when the energy of its molecules (particles) increases. Water is similarly transformed to vapor at 100°C (Fig.1). Much stronger zigzag motion of the particles separates and ionizes hydrogen and oxygen i.e. plasma comes into existence (above 13 000 K). Do all bodies fit one of these four states of matter? The answer is: no‚ e.g. the solar corona does not! Fig. 1 The temperature scale. It starts at 0K. Is it infinite long
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EXPERIMENT #4: STATE OF MATTER SLEUTH Calculations To find the molecular weight of the unknown salt: The unknown salt that was assigned is unknown salt in vial #2‚ which was weighed to 0.12 g mass. Initial Volume of NaOH | Final Volume of NaOH | Volume of NaOH needed | 46.6 mL | 34.8 mL | 46.6-34.8=11.8 mL 46.6-34.8=0.0118 L | 1) Number of moles of NaOH used=0.0118 L of NaOH0.1 M of NaOH 1) Number of moles of NaOH used=0.00118 mol 2) The number of moles of NaOH used is equal
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States of Matter Lab Procedure: Go to: http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/states-of-matter and click on Run Now States of Matter Review: 1) Kinetic energy (KE) is the energy of _____Motion_______. 2) Potential energy (PE) is the energy of _____Position_______. 3) What property of a substance corresponds to the average KE of its particles? Temperature 4) What property of a substance corresponds to the average PE of its particles? Phase 5) List the three common states of matter in
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