concentrated sulfuric acid as a catalyst. The product was washed using sodium bicarbonate and water‚ then dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate. It was then distilled using a standard simple distillation apparatus. The percent yield of isopentyl acetate was 60.39%. This may have been low due to incomplete distillation or evaporation once entering the receiving flask. The product had a distinct “banana oil” smell‚ making the reaction successful. Introduction The purpose of this experiment is to
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pyrolysis of the cyclic secondary alcohol with an acid catalyst at a moderate temperature or by distillation over alumina or silica gel. We will be performing catalysis by phosphoric acid. The mixture of cyclohexanol with phosphoric acid is heated in a flask equipped with a fractionating column‚ forming water. Further heating promotes the distillation of water and cyclohexene by the principle of stem distillation. A chaser solvent is added to recover of the reaction product that may get lost in the fractionating
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of this experiment is to synthesize 1-bromobutane from 1-butanol and sodium bromide. In order for this reaction to reach completion there are four major operations that need to be performed. The four major operations include refluxing‚ simple distillation‚ separation‚ and drying. To begin‚ in order for the compounds to react they will be dissolved in water and sulfuric acid will be added. The addition of sulfuric acid will then generate hydrobromic acid‚ an important product in the reaction mixture
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the sidearm of the distillation flask instead of being dipped in the solution? Had you did it in the solution‚ the thermometer would have measured the temperature of the direct heat from the flame. However‚ what we want is the temperature at which a substance boils. Hence‚ by positioning the thermometer near the sidearm of the distillation flask measures the temperature of the vapour which is also the boiling point of that substance. what are the limitations of simple distillation?how to overcome
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TEACHER’S GUIDE CHEMISTRY TOPIC: OBSERVATIONS AND EXPERIMENTS USEFUL TIPS: Student’s experiments can be done in groups. Groups can be given different mixtures. Each group then carry out their own experiment‚ makes a write up of their procedure and presents to the rest of the class together with the samples obtained. UNIT 1: MIXTURES AND PURE SUBSTANCES This unit is suitable for senior one (S1) BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE UNIT: This unit deals with: • Methods of separating
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INTERNATIONALE PHARMACEUTICA SCIENCIA | Jan-March 2011 | Vol. 1 | Issue 1 | Available online http://www.ipharmsciencia.com ©2011 IPS REVIEW ARTICLE Phytochemical screening and Extraction: A Review ABSTRACT Plants are a source of large amount of drugs comprising to different groups such as antispasmodics‚ emetics‚ anti-cancer‚ antimicrobials etc. A large number of the plants are claimed to possess the antibiotic properties in the traditional system and are also used extensively by the tribal people
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IGCSE Complete Chemistry Notes Unit 1: States of matter Everything is made of particles. Particles in solid are not free to move around. Liquids and gases can. As particles move they collide with each other and bounce off in all directions. This is called random motion. In 2 substances‚ when mixed‚ particles bounce off in all directions when they collide. This mixing process is called diffusion. It’s also the movement of particles without a force. The smallest particle
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IntroductionA dehydration reaction of an alcohol results in an alkene. This type of reaction requires an alcohol‚ an acid catalyst and heat. Generally strong concentrated acids‚ like sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid‚ are used as the acid catalyst.The acid catalyst protonates the alcohol‚ to make a much better leaving group. Weakest bases make the best leaving groups‚ so once the alcohol is protonated the leaving group leaves and produces in a carbocation and water. In order to form the double bond
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Student Name: Student ID: Date: 19 November 2014 Course and Section Number: SCIN 131 Lesson 2 Lab: Weighing on an Analytical Balance & Distillation PART 1 Begin by viewing the following Thinkwell video 15.1.8 CIA Demonstration: Weighing on an Analytical Balance After you watch the above video‚ answer the questions below in sufficient detail: (a) (2 pts) What are the features of an electronic balance? Include all of those discussed in the video. Answer: Electronic balance features including electronic
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HOLIDAYS HOMEWORK Chemistry PRESENTED TO: MISS SAIMA BY: Fatima JEHANGIR GRADE: 9(O) METOHDS OF PURIFICATION & ANYLYSIS Filtration Filtration is a mechanical or physical process to separate solid particulates from fluids Filtration is a technique used to separate a solid from a liquid. The solid is separated from the liquid phase by passing the mixture over a filtering media. Filtering media is characterized by being chemically inert to the mixture
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