removing the –OH group on 4-methylcyclohexanol via dehydration and to have a double bond form via a loss of a hydrogen on a β-Carbon. Many techniques and skills were developed in this lab. Among them were dehydration‚ isolation‚ drying‚ and distillation. We used all of these techniques to get the product we were looking for. In addition to these experimental techniques we also verified our product via spectroscopy which is a new technique. Using IR spectroscopy we were able to specifically
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Experiment 2: Dehydration of an Alcohol: Distillation and Gas Chromatography Preparation of Methylcyclohexenes Purpose: The basic purpose of this experiment is to carry out the dehydration of an alcohol and isolate the reaction products by distillation. Gas Chromatography will be utilized to analyze the reaction mixture. Table of Reagents: Compound (g) Molecular Weight (g/mol) Grams (g) Moles 6 mL of 2-methylcyclohexanol (C7H14O) 114.19 g/mol 6 mL x 0.943g = 5.66 g 1 mL 5.66 g x
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With the steam needed for industrial production‚ more and more demand for industrial boilers also increase. Industrial steam boiler can take natural gas‚ coal‚ biomass‚ oil as fuel. ZG is a professional industrial steam boiler can according to the needs of customers’ development and reasonable conduct to manufacture industrial steam boilers for them. In the purchase process of industrial steam boiler‚ companies need to pay attention to the technical parameters of the model of the boiler‚ which
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Experiment 1: Simple and Fractional Distillation of a Binary Mixture Introduction: In this experiment the aim is to separate two chemicals from a stock mixture (azeotrope) using two different distillation processes. In both methods (simple and fractional) the liquids reach a boiling point‚ the molecules then vaporize‚ separate from the stock mixture and then condense back into liquid form down the to the receiver. Simple distillation works well when the two components boiling points have a large
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Separation of the Components of Vodka using Fractional Distillation Fractional distillation‚ also known as rectification or fractionation‚ is common in industrial usage‚ not only for simple mixtures of two components (such as alcohol and water in fermentation products‚ or oxygen and nitrogen in liquid air) but also for highly complex mixtures such as those found in coal tar and petroleum. The purpose of fractional distillation is to separate a mixture of two miscible liquids (liquids that mix
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improvement of the steam engine‚ and to the ingenious application of its power to kinds of work that formerly taxed the physical energies of the human race” (Thurston 2). Prior to the introduction and adoption of steam as a main power source‚ most laborious chores relied on worn horses and strained men. Thomas Newcomen and James Watt are two of the innovative engineers that vastly improved steam engine technology in the 18th century. Their contributions helped transform the steam engine into a principal
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developments because textiles‚ steam power‚ and iron making was discovered during that time period. The Industrial Revolution happened from 1760 to somewhere between 1820-1840. It was the transition to a new manufacturing world: “The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840.” (Unknown) There was many new developments: “This transition
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In the Victorian Era‚ there were many advancements in steam power. Before this era‚ “man relied on his own muscles and those of domesticated animals‚ wind‚ and water as sources of power” (Kras 6). Steam power was used for industry‚ transport‚ agriculture and generate electricity (Burton 3). Advancements in steam power enabled men to work more efficiently‚ trade goods overseas and across land faster‚ and provided transport for people. Steam power caused drastic changes such as people no longer worked
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The steam engine is one of the very first inventions during the Industrial Revolution and one of the most important invention ever created. A steam engine was a machine that used heat‚ water‚ and coal to power it. The steam engine was used in many different things‚ from water pumps in mines to trains. Steam engines helped this world get to where we are today. The steam engine had a rough start‚ but when people realized it could be used for more then just pumping water‚ it began to be used in bigger
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The downside to the remarkable invention of the steam engine is the actual steam itself. At the end of a cycle‚ the steam use to move pistons and drive the cycle must be released as exhaust. This translates into a high-temperature‚ high-pressure vapor (with a high heat of condensation) effusing at high speeds. If a human limb or digit gets in the way of this potent jet‚ it means sure destruction of the epidermis‚ papillary dermis‚ and even reticular dermis portions of the skin. In layman’s terms
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