Valenzuela City Science High School A Marcelo st.Dalandanan‚ Valenzuela City The Feasibility of Ripe Aratiles (Muntingia calabura) as a Source of Bioethanol Table of Contents Abstract ...........................................................................................................................2 Introduction……………………………………………………………………….……………..3 Background of the Study......…………………………………………………………………………….…..3 Significance of the Study .............................................
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Review of Related Literature Pandan leaves come from the Pandanus amaryllifolius shrub‚ also known as the dwarf or fragrant screw pine. This sprawling perennial plant is native to Southeast Asia and has been introduced in other tropical regions. It produces spirally arranged leaves about 1 to 1 1/2 incheswide and up to 18 inches in length. This shrubby perennial plant has fan shaped clusters of long‚narrow leaves. Pandan leaves also contain compounds that repel some species of cockroachesand are
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Allspice‚ also Jamaica pepper‚ sometimes pimento‚ is the unripe berry of the Pimienta dioica tree; which is dried‚ ground‚ and used as a seasoning. Its name comes from its flavor‚ which is reminiscent of many spices‚ including cinnamon‚ cloves‚ and nutmeg‚ with a peppery flavor.It is the primary spice in the Jamaican Jerk Spice blend. Anise is both a vegetable and a spice.As a spice‚ the dried seeds are ground for use. Anise smells somewhat like star anise‚ fennel and liquorice. Anise is a strong
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1. Passed B.E. in Chemical Engineering with 6.52 CGPA from Gujarat Technological University (G.T.U.)‚ Ahmadabad (june 2012). 2. Advance Diploma in process automation (ADPA) from TECHNOCRAT AUTOMATION‚ Chennai. * Simulation of Distillation column‚ Steam generation plant‚ Centrifugal pump‚ Compressor‚ Furnance‚ Heat exchanger‚ Evaporator‚ Flash drum‚ Gas turbine‚ Continuos stirred tank reactor (CSTR)‚ Plug flow reactor (PFR)‚ fixed bed reactor‚ Cogeneration boiler by using SCADA software
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practised in Scotland; it is known that the Ancient Celts practised distilling which it has been said‚ and that the liquid they produced — known in ancient Gaelic as uisge beatha ("water of life") — evolved into Scotch Whisky. By the 11th century distillation first occurred in Scotland in the early Christian monastic sites. The primitive equipment used at the time and the lack of scientific expertise meant that the spirit produced in those days was probably potent‚ and occasionally even harmful. During
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Ammonia and Its Salts 1. Ammonia‚ NH3 is a very important compound in industry. 2. The main uses of ammonia: a) To manufacture nitrogenous fertilizers such as ammonium sulphate‚ ammonium nitrate and urea b) The liquid form is used as a cooling agent (refrigerant) in refrigerators c) As a raw material for the manufacture of nitric acid in the Ostwald process d) To be converted into nitric acid used for making explosives e) As an alkali to prevent the coagulation of latex
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Basis:- 1 Hr. Operation ENERGY BALANCES ACROSS THE FEED PREHEATING EQUIPMENT:The heating of cold 2-butanol feed is to be completed in three stages in order to avoid large heat losses. The cold feed is first preheated to its boiling point using steam as heating medium and then vaporized in a thermosyphon reboiler utilizing the heat contained in the reaction products. The vapor‚ which has entrained liquid is removed from the knock out drum‚ and then heated to reaction temperature using flue gas
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Other methods that were used before the invention of distillation include hand expression. Used only on the citrus fruits‚ the rinds were squeezed by hand until oil glands burst. It was then collected in a sponge and then put in a container. There was also Enfleurage. This was the way of getting oils from flowers. Heads of flowers were placed on to a glass frame‚ covered in fat and were replaced until the fat was saturated with the essential oil. It was the extracted with alcohol which dissolved
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................. .........................................................................6 3.6. Sugar Fermentation Process ......................... .............................................................6 3.7. Fractional Distillation Process ........................ ..........................................................7 3. Ethanol-based engines............................... .............................................................................7 4. Environment
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Tequila is a drink produced from distillation the fermented juice a plant called blue agave. Tequilas can be of two different types‚ one which is made from 100% blue agave and in some cases sugar is added from sources such as cane or corn syrup. There are around 50 companies that produce Tequila in Jalisco; still each one has its own different recipe. They differ in production process‚ proportion of agave used‚ and microorganisms used in fermentation‚ distillation equipment and maturation and ageing
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