hypochlorous acid. This ingredient “causes bacterial proteins to unfold and stick to one another‚ making them nonfunctional
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two types of fuel‚ carbohydrates‚ and fatty acids. At the beginning of exercise the main source of fuel is carbohydrates‚ however the duration of the exercise progresses the carbohydrates deplete and fatty acids are needed to maintain the exercise. The type of fuel being used can be seen in the ratio called‚ respiratory exchange rate‚ or RER. An RER of 0.7 means that carbohydrates are being used for fuel‚ and a ratio of 1.0 means that only fatty acids are being used for fuel; of course‚ values can
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Mr. Mihordea Motion of Atoms and Molecules lab summary In this lab the standard heat of combustion of magnesium was calculated by using the calorimeter. Also‚ the point of combustion of magnesium was to see how much heat would be released from fireworks such as sparklers. The concept of this lab was to find the difference in temperature from the beginning to end of combustion of magnesium and calculate the standard heat
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for the first vial. 2. Carry our a chromic acid test for each of the 2 vials 3.
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iron powder. Para-aminophenol crystallises out from the mother liquid which is subsequently centrifuged. Para-aminophenyl crystal is then reacted with acetic anhydride to produce pure paracetamol. The reactions are summarised as shown below: Lab scale manufacture Paracetamol can be easily prepared in the laboratory using phenol. Phenol reacts with sodium nitrate and separate para nitro phenol from outho nitro phenol. Then para nitro phenol is converted into para amino phenol using sodium
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indicators 2.To determine standard solutions and the unknowns Variables Independent variable : Concentration of hydrogen ions in hydrochloric acid.The presence of hydrogen ions is varied by using 5 different concentration of hydrochloric acid of 0.1mol/L‚0.01mol/L‚0.001mol/L‚0.0001mol/L‚0.0000mol/L Dependent variable : Colour changes of indicators.The colour change of indicators in unknown 1 and unknown 2 can be observed by comparing with the colour of standard solution which was prepared
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organisms are biomolecules. Today in lab‚ a series of tests were ran. Tested were the biomolecules of cells which are lipids‚ sugars‚ proteins and starch. The purpose of these tests were to test for the presences of cellular biomolecules. Some of the things that fat consist of are one glycerol and three fatty acids. Proteins are considered polymers. They are made up of smaller molecules called subunits. Now with proteins they contain a large number of amino acids that are joined together by a peptide
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The study of metabolism reaches as far back as the thirteenth century. With it‚ things like the citric acid cycle‚ mitochondrial physiology‚ and diseases like diabetes have been better understood. The overall concept of metabolism is key in any biological field and it helps ensure the survival of an organism. It does so by converting things like food that we ingest into energy via a series of somewhat complex biochemical reactions. This energy can then be used for a multitude of things including
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A. Goal and Purpose: Session 1: In this lab‚ we will achieve a simple Friedel-Crafts alkylation of anthracene. The choice of anthracene as an aromatic substrate stems from two considerations. First‚ there is a question of regioselectivity. Second‚ anthracene and its derivatives are highly visible under UV light. Session 2: In this lab‚ we will complete a partial conversion of 9-acetylanthracene using m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (mCPBA). We will also determine by NMR‚ the regiochemistry of the
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Titration of a Weak Acid Introduction: We will be using the LoggerPro and LabPro in order to help us determine our data. The purpose of this experiment is to follow the changes of pH during the titration of an acid and a base in order to determine the of the weak acid‚ . is a constant for a given acid at a given temperature. In this experiment we determined the Ka using two different methods: 1) the measurement of the pH of a solution containing a known concentration of a weak acid‚ and 2) measurement
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