abundantly to compost…” (Ryan Drum‚ 2012) “Seaweeds are 20-50% dry weight mineral… the elements abundant in seaweeds include: potassium‚ sodium‚ calcium‚ magnesium‚ zinc‚ copper‚ chloride‚ sulfur‚ phosphorous‚ vanadium‚ cobalt‚ manganese‚ selenium‚ bromine‚ iodine‚ arsenic‚ iron‚ and fluorine” (Kazutosi‚ 2002). “Fertilizers from seaweeds result to increase crop
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also reacts with almost all the acids and alkalies‚ forming a variety of different compounds and by products. Another important property of magnesium is that it actively reacts with many non-metals such as nitrogen‚ phosphorous‚ chlorine‚ sulfur‚ bromine‚ iodine and fluorine. Magnesium also readily reacts with some other compounds such as carbon monoxide‚ carbon dioxide‚ sulfur dioxide and nitric oxide. Magnesium has an appearance of a silvery and white shade. Among all the structural metals‚ magnesium
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inexpensive. However‚ research on CFCs showed that they have long life spans allowing them to resist being washed away in rain. Through the aid of wind‚ CFCs rise up into the stratosphere and into the ozone layer where they decompose into chlorine and bromine‚ from the ultraviolet radiation. These two chemicals are responsible for damaging the ozone layer. Some atmospheric chlorine are caused by natural occurrences such as large fires and volcanic eruptions‚ yet most chlorine in the ozone layer is due
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Name:____________________________ Date:_____________________ Period:_______ Chemistry Chapter 5 Review: 1. How does the energy of an electron change when it moves closer to the nucleus? 2. The principle quantum number indicates what property of an electron? 3. What shape are s orbitals and p orbitals? 4. What is the maximum number of f orbitals in one energy level of an atom? 5. What is the maximum number of d orbitals in one principal energy level of an atom? 6. What is the maximum number
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IGCSE Chemistry Triple Award Revision Guide Topic Introduction to chemistry Atomic Structure Structure and Bonding – Ionic Bonding Structure and Bonding – Covalent and Metallic Bonding Organic Chemistry - Alkanes Organic Chemistry – Alkenes / Addition Polymerisation Organic Chemistry – Alcohols / Condensation Polymerisation Calculations Periodic Table Reactivity Series and Metal Extraction Electrolysis Energetics Acids‚ Bases‚ Salts and Neutralisation Preparing and Analysing Salts Rates Equilibria
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS BIODIVERSITY LOSS Biodiversity - refers to the number and size of populations in a community; variability of species in an area In general‚ there are three categorical levels of biodiversity: 1. Genetic biodiversity - involves populations‚ individuals‚ chromosomes‚ genes and nucleotides 2. Taxonomic biodiversity - include kingdoms‚ phyla‚ orders‚ families‚ genera‚ species‚ subspecies and populations - for practical reasons‚
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5 C’s – pentoses‚ 6 C’s – hexoses‚ 7 C’s – heptoses Each of these exist in 2 series: aldotrioses and ketotrioses‚ aldotetroses and ketotetroses‚ aldopentoses and ketopentoses‚ aldohexoses and ketohexoses‚ aldoheptoses and ketoheptoses B. Stereochemistry a) Stereoisomers: all atoms are bonded together with exactly the same bonding pattern but differ only in the arrangements of their atoms in space b) Enantiomers: Non-superimposable mirror-image pairs of stereoisomers (left and right hand)
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Chemical Reactions and Equations Chemical Reaction: The transformation of chemical substance into another chemical substance is known as Chemical Reaction. For example: rusting of iron‚ setting of milk into curd‚ digestion of food‚ respiration‚ etc. In chemical reaction new substance is formed which is completely different in properties from the original substance‚ so in a chemical reaction chemical change takes place. Following are the signs of chemical reaction: (a) Change of state of substance
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Endosulfan Endosulfan is an off-patent organochlorine insecticide and acaricide. This colourless solid has emerged as a highly controversial agrichemical[1] due to its acute toxicity‚ potential for bioaccumulation‚ and role as an endocrine disruptor. It is banned in more than 63 countries‚ including the European Union‚ Australia and New Zealand‚ and other Asian and West African nations‚[2] and being phased out in the United States‚[3][4] Brazil[5] and Canada.[6] It is still used extensively in many
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called a packet. 9) Ultraviolet light produces suntans and sunburns. 13) Electrons behave like particles and we can describe their exact paths. 17) The ground state is when an electron in an atom is excited into the lowest possible vacant orbital. 21) Bromine has 17 valence electrons. 25) The atomic radius of lithium is larger than the atomic radius of nitrogen. Multiple Choice Questions 29) The number of cycles of a wave that passes a stationary point in one second is called its A) wavelength B) frequency
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