(ii) Describe the reactions involved in the preparation of haloalkanes and haloarenes and understand various reactions that they undergo. (iii) Correlate the structures of haloalkanes and haloarenes with various types of reactions. (iv) Use stereochemistry as a tool for understanding the reaction mechanism. (v) Describe common polyhalogen compounds. INTRODUCTION The replacement of hydrogen atom(s) in a hydrocarbon‚ aliphatic or aromatic‚ by halogen atom(s) results in the formation of alkyl
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ON PHARMACEUTICAL IMPORTANCE OF STEREOCHEMISTRY PREPARED FOR: Nowshin Nowaz Rumzhum Lecturer‚ Dept. of pharmacy Stamford University Bangladesh PREPARED BY: Md. Wahid Rezwan ID No: BPH02805674 Batch No: 28th D STAMFORD UNIVERSITY BANGLADESH Introduction: Stereochemistry may seem like a trivial subject because differences between
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Chapter 18 Ethers & Epoxides; Thiols and Sulfides Assigned Reading from McMurry: Read Sections 18.1 through 18.9; not responsible for “Focus on … Epoxy Resins & Adhesives‚ pp. 697-698). Recommended Problems from McMurry: 18.1a-e;18.18.2;18.3a-d; 18.4; 18.5a-d; 18.6a-b; 18.7a-b; 18.8; 18.9; 18.10; 18.11; 18.12a‚b; 18.13a‚b; 18.14a-c; 18.16a-f; 18.17; 18.18; 18.19a-c; 18.20; 18.21; 18.22; 18.23a-e; 18.24a-I; 18.25a-f; 18.26a-d; 18.27; 18.28; 18.29ad; 18.30a-e; 18.31; 18.32; 18.33; 18.34; 18
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UNIVERSITY OF THE GAMBIA LECTURE NOTES COURSE: PRINCIPLES OF CHEMISTRY II (ORGANIC CHEMISTRY) CODE: CHM 161 2ND SEMESTER SESSION: 2012/2013 LECTURER: ANTHONY F. ADJIVON UNIT 1 INTRODUCTION Organic chemistry started as the chemistry of life‚ when that was thought to be different from the chemistry in the laboratory. Then it became the chemistry of carbon compounds‚ especially those found in coal. Now it is both. It is the chemistry of the compounds of carbon along with other elements
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OBJECTIVE : Elecrophilic Addition to carbon-carbon double bond Stereochemistry of Elecrophilic addition reaction Hydrogenation of double and triple bond Nucleophilic Addition to carbon-carbon double bond Regio and chemoselectivity Addition Reactions • Reaction involving the addition of a molecule or an ion to another molecule • Electrophilic addition – adding species is an electrophile • Nucleophilic addition – adding species is a nucleophile Elecrophilic Addition to carbon-carbon double
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Abstract Tamoxifen‚ most commonly sold under the brand name Nolvadex‚ is the most widely used drug in the treatment of breast cancer during both early and late stages. It belongs to a class of drugs known as SERMs (Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators). SERMs work by blocking the estrogen receptors in breast cells to prevent any binding with estrogen. It is consumed orally as a tablet or as a liquid (Anon.‚ 2017). The following paper discusses the discovery of Tamoxifen‚ its laboratory synthesis
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contain c-c single bonds‚ are saturated‚ and are the least reactive. Alkenes are c=c double bonds‚ more reactive than alkanes‚ and unsaturated. In the next part of the experiment we added bromine to alkenes. This caused an electrophilic halogenation reaction. If the bromine reacted with the alkene the bromine would discolor from orange and turn clear. Experiment Part A) Solubility of Alkanes: 1 mL of nine solvents (water‚ methanol‚ n-butanol‚ ethylene‚ glycol‚ acetone‚ hexane‚ toluene‚ ethyl
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Abstract The bromination of trans-cinnamic acid was completed to determine dibromide’s stereochemical structure and its mechanism. After the addition of bromine to trans-cinnamic acid‚ the product was identified by its melting point and infrared spectrum resulting in erythro-2‚3-Dibromo-3-phenylpropanoic acid after comparing similar properties. Introduction In this lab‚ the bromination of trans-cinnamic acid was completed to determine dibromide’s stereochemical structure‚ and from there determine
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- College of Science‚ University of Santo Tomas‚ Manila ABSTRACT The unknown hydrocarbon sample was differentiated and characterized by the use of three tests. The outcomes of these tests are as follows: Nitration test (negative)‚ Bromine test (positive) and Basic Oxidation test (positive). From these results the unknown sample can be classified as non-aromatic and unsaturated. INTRODUCTION Hydrocarbons are organic compounds that consist of only C and H atoms. They include the
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of water before beginning the reaction. Upon the addition of 85% phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid and stirring in the simple distillation the clear solution turned pinkish. Heating began and the pink color of the solution
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