Canadian Journal of Psychology‚ 1990‚ 44(1)‚ 87-112 Canadian Journal of Psychology Outstanding Contributions Series Levels of Processing: A Retrospective Commentary on a Framework for Memory Research Robert S. Lockhart and Hergus l.M. Craik University of Toronto ABSTRACT The influence on memory research of levels of processing (Craik & I^ockharl‚ 1972) is reviewed‚ and a number of conceptual and empirical criticisms are evaluated. Research since 1972 has enabled the original formulation of depth
Premium Memory Memory processes
The theory of emotional intelligence was first publicized in the book “Emotional Intelligence” (1995)‚ written by Daniel Goleman‚ based around the previous findings of psychologists such as Howard Gardner‚ Peter Salovey and John D. Mayer . Mayer and Salovey defined it as “the subset of social intelligence that involves the ability to monitor one’s own and others’ feelings and emotions‚ to discriminate among them and to use this information to guide one’s thinking and actions” . Essentially‚ the emotional
Premium Emotional intelligence Psychology Theory of multiple intelligences
Apart from testing intelligence‚ researchers were also interested in the question of what intelligence actually is. Today’s theories about intelligence are based on four approaches: 1) Psychometric theories try to answer the questions what forms intelligence takes and what its parts are. Important examples of such theories‚ mostly based on data collected from paper-and-pencil tests are: the Standford-Binet and the Wechsler Intelligence Scales (both for adults and children). Using data from such
Free Intelligence Intelligence quotient
Measuring Intelligence Individual differences Discuss the main issues involved in defining and measuring intelligence Since the end of the nineteenth century psychologists were studding intelligence and they were trying to find the answer what is the intelligence and how it can be measure? Psychologists have /made a huge progress in the development of measuring intelligence but a little progress in defining intelligence. I will first outline the main issue involved in defining intelligence. I
Free Intelligence Intelligence quotient Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale
THE BEST THEORY FOR DETERMINING INTELLIGENCE. Jonas A‚ Boateng Grand Canyon University THE BEST THEORY FOR DETERMINING INTELLIGENCE. Intelligence can identified as a holistic ability of a person to function effectively and clearly minded in his or her environment. This can be further broken down as holistic in the sense that the individual ability can be seen in one or more aspect of these fields such as social‚ political‚ economics‚ religion‚ marriage‚ education‚ music and sports. For instance
Premium Intelligence quotient Theory of multiple intelligences Intelligence
mention‚ the two main individual intelligence tests are the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test and the Wechsler tests known as the Wechsler Intelligence Test for Children (WISC) and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) for adults. The Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale (SBIS-V) is used today to test assesses fluid reasoning‚ quantitative reasoning and working memory as well as the ability to compare verbal and nonverbal performance. While the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-IV) is
Premium Standardized test Psychometrics Education
INTRODUCTION Over the past decade‚ increasing attention has been given to how workers express emotions in a variety of work settings. An under researched‚ aspect of the literature on emotions in organizational life concerns employers attempts to control and direct how employees display emotions to customers. Emotions are a double-edged sword at work. Emotions are ancient mechanisms that mobilize us to deal quickly with important interpersonal encounters. They have both a primal aspect and a motivational
Premium Emotion
Multiple Intelligence The theory of multiple intelligences is a theory of intelligence that differentiates it into specific modalities‚ rather than seeing intelligence as dominated by a single general ability. Gardner chose eight abilities that he held to meet these criteria: musical–rhythmic‚ visual-spatial‚ verballinguistic‚ logical–mathematical‚ bodily–kinesthetic‚ interpersonal‚ intrapersonal‚ and naturalistic. 1. Musical-rhythmic and harmonic: People who have strong musical intelligence are good
Free Theory of multiple intelligences
multiple intelligence theory (MI) and its integration into education has been that of much debate. Written as an opposition to IQ testing‚ MI was originally developed as an alternate account of cognitive function‚ initially identifying seven distinct intelligences (verbal-linguistic‚ logical-mathematical‚ bodily-kinesthetic‚ spatial‚ interpersonal‚ intrapersonal and musical)‚ and later acquiring two more (naturalist and existential). Applied to an educational context‚ the main aim of MI theory is to
Free Theory of multiple intelligences Intelligence Intelligence quotient
Gardner’s Multiple Intelligence Many years ago it was quite common to label someone with a high IQ as a “genius” or as being more intelligent than others. Albert Einstein is one of those men who were labeled as a genius because of all that he had accomplished at such a young age. Undeniably‚ Einstein’s smarts were extremely remarkable‚ but records show that he was not the best student. Although Einstein scored extremely well in areas like Math and Physics‚ it has been noted that in areas like
Free Theory of multiple intelligences