Corporate Law Assignment Criminal sanctions for market abuse by traders and investors are not adequate and we need other forms of enforcements –like the administrative sanctions‚ the civil penalties/fines etc.? Answer: Administrative sanctions may be the most viable solution to curb the problem of Market Abuse as there is a lower burden of proof for prosecution and it solves the purpose of deterrence. Background: Market abuse is a very general term to describe actions
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Answer to Question 1: Efficient Market Hypothesis was firstly brought forward by E. Fama in 1960s. Its main believing is in that security prices fully reflect all available information in an efficient market‚ which allows investors to earn no above average risk-adjusted return (Fama‚ 1965). Although some technical studies and opportunistic investors have stretched hard in searching for proofs to challenge the efficient market hypothesis‚ and to prove above average returns could be gained by predicting
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A Review of the Empirical Literature on Earnings and Economic Value Added (EVA) in Explaining Stock Market Returns. Which Performance Measure is More Value Relevant in the Athens Stock Exchange (ASE)? Dimitrios Maditinos*‚ Željko Šević**‚ and Nikolaos Theriou* *TEI of Kavala‚ Greece‚ Department of Business Administration **University of Greenwich Business School‚ Department of Accounting and Finance Abstract The aim of this study is (a) to present the empirical research to date on earnings
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of stocks and bonds. It says that in textbooks‚ the valuation of stocks and bonds is simply stated as the present value of all the future cash flows expected from the security. The concept is logical‚ straightforward‚ and simple. The valuation of bonds is usually presented first‚ since the relatively certain cash flows are broken into an annuity and a payment of the par value at some specific date in the future. Preferred stock valuation follows bond valuation and the value of preferred stock is
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Chapter 9 Stock V l ti St k Valuation McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies‚ Inc. All rights reserved. Key Concepts and Skills Understand h stock prices depend on future U d d how k i d d f dividends and dividend growth B able to compute stock prices using the Be bl k i i h dividend growth model U d Understand h growth opportunities affect d how h ii ff stock values U d Understand valuation comparables d l i bl Understand how stock markets work 9-1
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The occurrence of stock market bubbles and crashes is often cited as evidence against the efficient market hypothesis. It is argued that new information is rarely‚ if ever‚ capable of explaining the sudden and dramatic share price movements observed during bubbles and crashes. Samuelson (1998) distinguished between micro efficiency and macro efficiency. Samuelson took the view that major stock markets are micro efficient in the sense that stocks are (nearly) correctly priced relative to each other
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importance of a vibrant capital market in the mobilization of long term investable fund for economic development especially for developing countries like Nigeria can not be over emphasized. This research work examines the growth of the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE) ; the hub of the Nigerian capital market and it effect on the economic development of Nigeria using time series data from 1995 to 2005. Studies reveal that there have been a remarkable growth in the capital market during the period under study
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Stock Valuation FIN/571 April 13‚ 2015 John Triplett‚ CPA Stock Valuation Intro- Janice A primary “goal for management is to maximize the current value of the firm’s stock” (Parrino‚ Kidwell‚ Bates‚ 2012‚ pg. 12). As a result‚ understanding the true value of stock is beneficial. Stock valuation is important to identify which stocks are more desirable and will maximize wealth. Since stock has an effect on business and one’s own portfolio‚ valuing stock is critical. Several methods to value stock exist
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Financial Markets Introduction 1 Financial Markets & Flow of Funds Financial Markets M k t Lenders Households Firms Governments Foreigners Borrowers Households Firms Governments Foreigners Financial Institutions Note that lenders are suppliers of funds (surplus units) while borrowers are demanders/users of funds (deficit units) 2 1 Flow of Funds Financial institutions perform the essential function of channeling funds from surplus units to deficit units. Agents (e.g. brokers)
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CENTRAL BANKS‚ STOCK EXCHANGE AND COMMERCIAL BANKS CENTRAL BANKS A central bank is the main national bank that provides a government and its commercial banking system with financial and banking services controlling the government’s monetary policy and issuing currency. Functions of a central bank include: • It has the sole right to issue currency – it maintains uniformity in the currency and manages it accordingly using knowledge about the economy • It is a banker‚ advisor and agent to the government
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