Valuation of Common Stock Ashok Banerjee Common (Equity) Stocks • Because common stock never matures‚ today’s value is the present value of an infinite stream of cash flows (i.e.‚ dividend). • But dividends are not fixed. • Not knowing the amount of the dividends—or even if there will be future dividends— makes it difficult to determine the value of common stock. • So what are we to do? Valuation Models • Dividend Valuation Model (DVM): – Constant dividend: Let D be the constant DPS: The required
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For the people who wanted to understand the stock trading mechanism. The trading mechanism exists because of the need to channel money from investors into business entities. The combination of investors and borrows creates the market for securities. The trading mechanism refines the market by matching buyers and sellers with the prices they are will to pay or take. The way how the system works are handled by brokers‚ dealers‚ and specialists. A broker is a party that arranges transactions between
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of the stock market in 1929 the number of millionaires in America was 25‚000-35‚000. But when the stock market hit its bottom in 1932 the number of millionaires had been drastically reduced to only five thousand. Best quoting a writer in “The Financial World” states‚ “In this country speculation has been rampant for quite nine out of the twelve months‚ since Armistice Day‚ 1918. Up to Armistice Day anniversary‚ November 11‚ 1919‚ the New York Stock Exchange has records showing sales of stocks‚ totaling
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and put prices are given by Strike Call premium Put premium 80 22 4 100 9 21 (IJ Find the convexity violations. (1.-) What spread would you use to effect arbitrage? 105 5 24.80 o t: y- (Q I A New York finn is offering a new financial instrument called a "happy calL" It has a payoff function at time T equal to max(.5S‚ S - K)‚ where S is the price of a stock and K is a fixed strike price. You always get something with a happy call. Let P be the price of the
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In the stock market game‚ the whole class learned about the importance of analyzing stocks before buying. For me‚ the ultimate result of the game did not please me‚ but I did learn some things about the market. If we were to play another game for a short period of time‚ my strategy would certainly change. Using my experience‚ I would purchase precious metals. Precious metals constantly change price‚ and these constant changes guarantee high variability and chances to jump to the top. For example
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are tax deductible‚ debt in the firm’s capital structure will decrease the firm’s taxable income‚ creating a tax shield that will increase the overall value of the firm. 2. Since Stephenson is an all-equity firm with 15 million shares of common stock outstanding‚ worth $32.50 per share‚ the market value of the firm is: Market value of equity = $32.50(15‚000‚000) Market value of equity = $487‚500‚000 So‚ the market value balance sheet before the land purchase is: Market value balance
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CASE – 1 Dabur India Limited: Growing Big and Global Dabur is among the top five FMCG companies in India and is positioned successfully on the specialist herbal platform. Dabur has proven its expertise in the fields of health care‚ personal care‚ homecare and foods. The company was founded by Dr. S. K. Burman in 1884 as small pharmacy in Calcutta (now Kolkata)‚ India. And is now led by his great grandson Vivek C. Burman‚ who is the Chairman of Dabur India Limited and the senior most representative
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STOCK VALUATION at RAGAN‚ Inc Regan Thermal System Inc was founded 9 years ago by brother and sister Carrington and Genevieve Regan. The company manufactures and installs commercial heating‚ ventilation‚ and cooling (HVAC) units. Ragan has experienced rapid growth because of a propriety technology that increases the energy efficiency of its system. The company is equally owned by Carrington and Genevieve. The original agreement between the siblings gave each 50‚000 shares of stock. In the event
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STOCK ANALYSIS REPORT - Exxon Mobil Corporation (XOM) –August 15th ‚ 2011 [pic] Industry: Oil and Gas Operations Sector: Energy Recommendation: SELL Price: $74.29 (as of August 15th 2011‚ 4:00pm ET) Intrinsic Value: $52.10 or 42.6% overvalued Fundamentals Grade: A Investment Style: Large Cap Blend CORPORATE INFORMATION [pic] Location: 5959 Las Colinas Boulevard Irving‚ TX 75039 Phone: 972-4441000 Fax: 972-4441348 Web Site: http://www.exxonmobil.com/ Employees: 83‚000 Exchange:
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Market Structure o Perfect (pure) competition Price–taking firms each with no influence over the ruling market price (see diagram below) Free entry and exist of businesses in the long run – drives down profits towards a normal profit equilibrium level Each supplier produces homogeneous products – each a perfect substitute – hence the perfectly elastic demand curve for the individual supplier Key factor - interdependent nature of pricing decisions between rival firms Each firm must consider
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