CHEMISTRY 205 REDOX TITRATIONA. Purpose: • To learn some technique in volumetric analysis: Redox titration. • To review the stoichiometry of an oxidation- reduction reaction. • To determine the concentration of an unknown sodium oxalate (Na2C2O4) solution by titrating it against standardized potassium permanganate solution (KMnO4). • To determine the percent by mass of Fe(II) in the form of ferrous ammonium sulfate Fe(NH4)2(SO4)2.6H2O in a mixture by
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LSD-25 Synthesis from "Psychedelic Guide to the Preparation of the Eucharist": Preparatory arrangements: Starting material may be any lysergic acid derivative‚ from ergot on rye grain or from culture‚ or morning glory seeds or from synthetic sources. Preparation #1 uses any amide‚ or lysergic acid as starting material. Preparations #2 and #3 must start with lysergic acid only‚ prepared from the amides as follows: 10 g of any lysergic acid amide from various natural sources dissolved in 200 ml of
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PROPERTIES OF SOLUTIONS A solution is a mixture of materials‚ one of which is usually a fluid. A fluid is a material that flows‚ such as a liquid or a gas. The fluid of a solution is usually the solvent. The material other than the solvent is the solute. We say that we dissolve the solute into the solvent. Some solutions are so common to us that we give them a unique name. A solution of water and sugar is called syrup. A solution of sodium chloride (common table salt) in water is called brine
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Catalysis: Midterm Review LECTURE 1: Sept 6th 2012 What is catalysis‚ Importance of catalysis‚ Industrial relevance‚ presentation of the course What is Catalysis: Catalyst: * catalyst is substance that increases the rate at which a chemical reaction approaches equilibrium‚ but is not consumed in the process * not reagent or product; noted above equation arrow * participates in kinetic equations‚ but not in eq constant Catalytic Cycle: * succession of chemical changes
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AP Chem Exam - ‘98 1. Solve the following problem related to the solubility equilibria of some metal hydroxides in aqueous solution. (a) The solubility of Cu(OH)2(s) is 1.72 x10–6 g/100. mL of solution at 25° C. (i) Write the balanced chemical equation for the dissociation of Cu(OH)2(s) in aqueous solution. Cu(OH)2 Cu 2+ + 2 OH – (ii) Calculate the solubility (in mol/L) of Cu(OH)2 at 25 °C. (1.72 x10–6 g/0.100 L)(1 mol/97.5 g) = 1.76 x10–7 mol/L (iii) Calculate
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oxidizes ascorbic acid (C6H8O6) by the following reaction: (2) 2[Fe(CN)6]3- + C6H8O6 = 2[Fe(CN)6]4- + C6H6O6 + 2H+ The reaction above is of a first order reaction at room temperature with respect to individual reactants; therefore the reaction stoichiometry and rate law at time t are: (3) aA + bB products and (4) -d[A] = k[A] [B] where [A] represents the concentration of ascorbic acid and [B] represents the concentrations of [Fe(CN)6]3- at time t. For this experiment we will use an
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following questions. (5) (i) What are these type of vacancy defects called? (ii) How is the density of a crystal affected by these defects? (iii) Name one ionic compound which can show this type of defect in the crystalline state (iv) How is the stoichiometry of the compound affected? 2 10. Analysis shows that a metal oxide has the empirical formula M0.96 O1.00. Calculate the percentage of M2+ and M3+ ions in this crystal? 2 OR In an ionic compound the anion (N¯) form cubic close type of packing
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Properties and Behavior of Gases General Properties of Gases Properties Solids Shape Definite shape Volume Definite volume Particles and movement Compressibility Density Liquids Gases No definite shape No definite shape Definite volume No definite volume Particles are Particles are close close together together and and may vibrate move randomly in place Incompressible Slightly compressible Particles are far apart and move randomly Very compressible
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Module 7 Exam Review ANSWER KEY 1. Define acid. (7.01) An acid is a substance that produces hydrogen ions‚ H+ or hydrodium ionsH3O+ in solution. 2. Compare the three theories of acids. (7.01) An Arrhenius acid is a substance the increases the concentration of hydrogen ion‚ H+ or hydronium ions H3O+when dissolved in water. You must have water. A BrØnsted-Lowry acid is any substance that donates a hydrogen ion‚ H+ to another substance. A Lewis acid is any substance that accepts a lone pair
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(aq)+ 10I-(aq) 2Mn2+(aq) + 5I2(aq) + 8H2O(I) b. With KIO3 O3-(aq) + 5I-(aq) + 6H (aq) 3I2(aq) + 3H2O(aq) The iodine that is released is titrated with a standard thiosulphate solution. From the stoichiometry of the reaction‚ the amount of iodine can be determined and from this the concentration of the oxidizing agent‚ which released the iodine‚ can be calculated. Aims a.
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