A Case Study of “Rational Decision Making” Ali Rashid Cheema ECON 401: Engineering Economics Decision Making •Decision – Making a choice from two or more alternatives. •The Decision-Making Process – Identifying a problem and decision criteria and allocating weights to the criteria. – Developing‚ analyzing‚ and selecting an alternative that can resolve the problem. – Implementing the selected alternative. – Evaluating the decision’s effectiveness. The Situation • Hamzah is a sales
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Thinking and Decision Making In every aspect of our daily life we encounter the need to make decision based on critical thinking. The problem lies when we make decision without going to a critical thinking process. If a decision is reach without having done the necessary steps that among them are: setting aside you personal feeling about the situation‚ take into consideration both side if necessary‚ weighting the pros and cons of the answer or decision about to be reach. Decisions are made everyday
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in Decision Making Directive Style: A person has this style if they have a low tolerance for ambiguity and are efficient‚ rational‚ and logical in their way of thinking. They focus on the short term and are quick to make decisions‚ usually resulting in a decision that has been made with minimal information and not carefully analyzing other alternatives. Example: When a manager spots the dirt on the window‚ and orders the cleaner to clean the window now‚ that is a directive style decision-making
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category People judge the probability of a hypothesis by considering how much the hypothesis resembles (is representative for) available data Prospect theory (k&T‚ 1979) The theory describes the decision processes in two stages: editing and evaluation. During editing‚ outcomes of the decision are ordered following certain heuristic. In particular‚ people decide which outcomes they see as identical‚ set a reference point and then consider lesser outcomes as losses and greater ones as gains
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direction 4) ________ is the degree to which decision making takes place at upper levels of the organization. 4) _______ A) Decentralization B) Formalization C) Functionalization D) Centralization 5) A company is planning to revise its organizational structure and one of the managers‚ Anderson Cooper‚ suggests increasing employee empowerment by giving them more decision-making authority. Which of the following‚ if true‚ would support
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As consumers of myriad products we make decisions every moment‚ at times without realizing that we have actually taken one. Everyday people make consumer decisions on what cuisine to devour on a particular day‚ where to spend money on the next holiday vacation or simply how much in groceries do you need to buy for this week. Thus consumer decision making process can be defined as the manner in which a buyer identifies or recognizes his requirements‚ gathers the necessary information related to his
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A recently published article seems to lend new information as to the way in which emotions influence our decision-making process. While emotions and reasoning are considered inherently separate by some‚ new experiments are challenging that perception. A series of studies done by experimental psychologists now show us that emotion plays a very natural role in decision-making situations. The experiments‚ ranging in type from neuroimaging to simple classical conditioning‚ suggest that emotions can
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leader makes decisions without consulting employees. The decision-making process does not provide the same results for every organization. Autocratic leadership may be difficult to deal with for some employees‚ but others may perform well under an autocratic leader. Autocratic leaders make all the decisions‚ communicate them to subordinates‚ and expect immediate implementation of instructions. Some leaders may work more effectively when subordinates do not participate in the decision-making process.
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Decision making takes considerable time and effort. The problem I see with making group decisions is the time you take to evaluate each option. The more people you have in a group‚ the more opinions are shared and it becomes difficult to reach a consensus. It is key to define what the problem is and who will be affected by the decision. Decisions that will be affecting a group will need to be addressed with the group or at least a fair representation of the group. For example‚ I work at a high
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In everyday life we are challenged in making sound decisions‚ decisions that will last for a life time. People often wonder after making a decision if it was the right choice‚ will it affect the people around me‚ was this a good choice for my family‚ and will the decision affect them. The decision- making process should be one that makes a positive change. Can the decision making process work for organization as well as individuals. Before changing to the job that I currently have‚ I had to decide
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