Outline and evaluate the psychodynamic approach to abnormality The psychodynamic approach to abnormality assumes that unconscious desires and memories influence behaviour and may lead to abnormality. It claims that personality develops in the childhood through a number of psychosexual stages and that too much or too little pleasure at one of these can lead to fixation and abnormal behaviour. For example‚ between the ages of two and four‚ children are in the anal stage- too much focus on holding in
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Abby was born on March 29‚ 2003. She lives in Drayton‚ ON. Abby has a sister she loves dearly. She enjoys being with her friends and playing with her fat cat‚ Buddy. Abby likes to play soccer and swim. She enjoys eating‚ and takes it up as a hobby. I trace the line‚ straight across. The crisp‚ perfect line relieves me. The paper is surprisingly thin‚ and a porcelain white colour. Three more lines I draw‚ tracing the old‚ dull‚ and fading lines. I am an artist‚ writing in slick red. I’m not making
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is something a sociologist does‚ it is someone who studies society and social behavior and they do this by examining the cultures‚ groups‚ organizations‚ social institutions‚ and processes that people develop. They also study how society changes by using different methods to understand society. We are all in a group that lives in a particular territory‚ in a political authority‚ we are people who separate ourselves from other groups
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them up in and I’ll guarantee to take any one at random and train him to become any type of specialist I might select - doctor‚ lawyer‚ artist‚ merchant-chief and‚ yes‚ even beggar-man and thief‚ regardless of his talents‚ penchants‚ tendencies‚ abilities‚ vocations and the race of his ancestors” (Watson‚ 1924‚ p. 104). Classical conditioning theory involves learning a new behavior via the process of association. In simple terms two stimuli are linked together to produce a new learned response
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EXAM QUESTIONS Evaluate methods used by the psychodynamic approach. One of the methods used by the psychodynamic approach is case studies. Case studies are used to practice their therapy on to see if it actually works. The therapy created by Sigmund Freud‚ is called psychoanalysis. An example of one of the case studies would be the case study of Little Hans. Hans was at the age where he noticed he had a penis and therefore played with it a lot. His mother noticed this and told him to stop it otherwise
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This perspective only concentrates on mental thought processes‚ it suggests the mind is a ‘black box’ which receives information and outputs a reaction. Dr. Albert Ellis suggested the ABC model‚ to create a visual way to understand the cognitive concept on thoughts: • A – Adversity: An objective‚ surrounding‚ situation or environment. • B – Belief: The persons thought on the adversity‚ evaluations and both rational and irrational thoughts. • C – Consequences: The outcome‚ the subjects feelings‚ opinions
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The superego acts unconsciously to restrict‚ prohibit‚ or judge the conscious activity. In order to obtain pleasure or reduce pain‚ a child learns to identify the consequences in every situation‚ and at the same time‚ considers the moral views of his or her parents (Tria and Limpingco‚ 2006). The superego is divided into two. The first one is Conscience‚ where the internalized experiences of the child is punished‚ and the other one is the Ego-ideal‚ where the internalized experiences of the child
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The biological or medical model approach examines psychological disorders as a type of illness and assumes it is a physical issue. The approach believes that factors such as genes‚ bio-chemistry‚ neuro-anatomy and germs are the causes of psychological disorders‚ and use treatments such as drugs and psychosurgery to rectify them. (Saul McLeod‚ 2008/2014) Anxiolytic drugs such as benzodiazepines are commonly used in the treatment of somebody with depression or bipolar as they increase activity in the
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The strengths approach is a method of working with people that focuses on developing their natural abilities and capabilities. It allows people to identify and build on their strengths so that they can reach their goals‚ and retain or regain independence in their daily lives (McCashen‚ 2005). Strengths-based approach is built on the premise that the normal human development process is towards healthy growth and fulfilment‚ and that everyone has strengths that will aid them in this process (McCashen
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BEHAVIOR APPROACH Albert Ellis A showy‚ humorous‚ and often abrasive figure‚ first articulated his highly influential based on the A-B-C theory of Change. He Continued to developing his ideas‚ teaching‚ and writing until his death in 2007 at age of 93. His theory used cognitive‚ behavioral‚ and affective techniques to help people make themselves less unhappy. Aaron Beck One of the most disciplined researchers om the field of counseling and psychotherapy. Began his career attempting
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