Medicine on the Decline of Mortality: The Effects of Sulfa and Penicillin Drugs During the Early-Mid 20th Century Sections: 1. Introduction 2. Background -Sulfa Drugs -Penicillin 3. Data/Methods 4. Results 5. Conclusion 1. Introduction: The journey of modern medicine has come a long way. Medical advances has improved lives and increased life expectancy from the early 20th century to present day. It wasn’t until the 1930’s and 1940’s where the production of sulfa drugs
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defects-polyuria‚electrolyte disorders 7.Urinary tract infection 8.Nephrolithiasis 9.Urinary tract obstruction and renal tumors Glomerular diseases-classification 1.Primary glomerulopathies Acute diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis- post streptococcal‚ Rapidly Progressive GlomeruloNephritis (RPGN)‚ lipoid nephrosis‚ membranous GN‚MPGN‚ chronic glomerulo nephritis ( classified by histologic changes as aetiology is unknown in many glomerulopathies) 2.Systemic diseases with glomerular
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Generic name | Brand names | Common uses[2] | Possible side effects[2] | Mechanism of action | Aminoglycosides | Amikacin | Amikin | Infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria‚ such asEscherichia coli and Klebsiellaparticularly Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Effective against Aerobic bacteria (not obligate/facultative anaerobes) andtularemia. | * Hearing loss * Vertigo * Kidney damage | Binding to the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit (some work by binding to the 50S subunit)‚ inhibiting the translocation
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diseasesRESPIRATORY DISEASES CONOR BREMNER TYPES OF RESPIRATORY DISEASES * Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome * Tuberculosis * Scarlet Fever * Q Fever * Pneumonic Plague * Pertussis * Paragonimiasis * Mucormycosis * Lassa Fever * Legionaires’disease Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS Virus) Causes The SARS Virus is airborne and can be propelled 90 cm‚ it can also be deposited on surfaces. It was first reported in Southern China in November 2002
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and fever which usually resolve in seven to ten days‚ with some symptoms lasting up to three weeks. Upper respiratory tract infections are loosely divided by the areas they affect‚ with the common cold primarily affecting the nose‚ the throat (pharyngitis)‚ and the sinuses (sinusitis). Symptoms are mostly due to the body’s immune response to the infection rather than to tissue destruction by the viruses themselves. The primary method of prevention is by hand washing with some evidence to support
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Cross-reactive epitopes are present in the streptococcal M protein and the N-acetylglucosamine of group A streptococcal carbohydrate and are immunologically similar to molecules in human myosin‚ tropomyosin‚ keratin‚ actin‚ laminin‚ vimentin‚ and N acetylglucosamine. It is currently thought that the initial damage is due to cross-reactive
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Migrans; often in the groin‚ axilla‚ thigh. H. Mononucleosis ____Haemophilus Influenza Type B; a bacteria that causes respiratory illness‚ OM‚ sepsis‚ epiglottitis‚ pneumonia‚ bronchitis. I. Parotitis ____Causes common cold‚ pharyngitis‚ pneumonia‚ hand‚ foot and mouth disease‚ and herpangina. J. Pertussis ____Incubation period 14-21 days;tear drop on a rose petal; contagious until crusted over. K. Pneumococcus ____Characteristic membraneous lesion
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ALCIAN BLUE RATIONALE FOR USE Alcian blue is a water soluble‚ amphoteric copper phthalocyanine‚ which is most often used as a basic dye. In general‚ alcian blue has an affinity for sulfated and carboxylated groups of acid mucopolysaccharides‚ but the specific group demonstrated is dependent on the dye solution pH. RECOMMENDED FIXATIVES 10% neutral buffered formalin and Bouin’s fixative. AVOID Chromate Fixatives MODE OF ACTION (1‚ 2‚ 3) Alcian blue binds electrostatically with
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Obsessive Compulsive Disorder is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by intrusive thoughts that fuel fear‚ leading to increased anxiety and eventual compulsive reactions. Both adults and children that suffer with OCD‚ are often aware that their thoughts and behaviors are irrational‚ however‚ the impulse to perform the compulsive ritual to relieve the anxiety of the obsessive thought‚ is too powerful for them to ignore. The cycle of anxiety‚ obsessive thoughts‚ and compulsive reactions‚ becomes
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Penicillin V (generic name) is an antibiotic drug largely used in pharmacy practice‚ belonging to the Penicillin group of drugs. There are many other drugs that are also in the Penicillin family such as amoxicillin‚ ampicillin‚ carbenicillin‚ dicloxacillin and oxacillin. These are used in patients to treat bacterial infections. (https://www.drugs.com/penicillin.html). Penicillin was discovered by chance by Alexander Fleming in 1928 when Penicillium spores had been introduced to the culture medium
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